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Data Warehousing Questions and Answers

1.

Which of the given options best describes the truthfulness of the following statements?

i) The 'communications', 'Schedules' and 'Task lists' are key functionality aspects of project management software to guide you in your decision.
ii) A data warehouse is a relational database that is designed for query and analysis rather than transaction processing.
iii) Software integration option is one of the criteria for selecting project management software.

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB TGT - 2023,

Answer: A

All three statements are true. Communications, schedules and task lists are key functionality aspects of project management software, a data warehouse is a relational database designed for query and analysis and not for transaction processing, and software integration is one of the criteria for selecting such software. So the first option is correct and the options that mark any statement false are wrong. Statement ii separates a data warehouse from an ordinary operational database, which is built for transactions.

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2.

The generic two-level data warehouse architecture includes which of the following?

Answer: B

Correct answer: Data that can extracted from numerous internal and external sources

The two-level architecture is the simplest: operational sources feed the warehouse directly, and users query it. Data marts belong to the three-level architecture, and near real-time updating to the active warehouse - both later refinements of this basic arrangement.

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3.

A snowflake schema is which of the following types of tables?

Answer: D

Correct answer: All of the above

A snowflake schema is a star in which the dimension tables have themselves been normalised, so the dimensions are split into further tables. Fact, dimension and helper tables therefore all appear. The advantage is reduced redundancy; the cost is more joins and slower queries.

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4.

Successful data warehousing requires that a formal program in total quality management (TQM) be implemented.

Answer: A

Correct answer: True

A warehouse is only as good as the data put into it, and cleaning at the point of loading treats symptoms rather than causes. Lasting quality requires the operational systems and the processes that feed them to be improved, which is a management programme rather than a technical exercise.

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5.

Data scrubbing is which of the following?

Answer: D

Correct answer: A process to upgrade the quality of data before it is moved into a data warehouse

Scrubbing happens on the way in, during the transformation stage, because the warehouse is meant to be the trustworthy source and cleaning it afterwards would mean queries had already run against bad data. It corrects misspellings, resolves conflicting codes and fills or flags missing values.

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6.

Transient data is which of the following?

Answer: A

Correct answer: Data in which changes to existing records cause the previous version of the records to be eliminated

Transient data is overwritten: the new value replaces the old and the old is gone. Operational systems work this way, because they need to know the current state. A warehouse instead keeps periodic data, adding a new record and retaining the previous one, which is what makes historical analysis possible.

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7.

The role of the ETL process is to identify erroneous data and to fix them.

Answer: B

Correct answer: False

ETL identifies erroneous data and can correct much of it, but it cannot fix the cause, and some errors it can only flag for a human to resolve. Treating ETL as the answer to data quality is the mistake the point exists to warn against: the remedy lies in the source systems.

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8.

Data transformation includes which of the following?

Answer: A

Correct answer: A process to change data from a detailed level to a summary level

Aggregation is the characteristic transformation, converting transaction detail into the summaries that analytical queries need. The other options describe joining and separating, which are transformations of a different kind - and the third and fourth have the direction of each reversed.

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9.

The extract process is which of the following?

Answer: B

Correct answer: Capturing a subset of the data contained in various operational systems

Extraction takes only what the warehouse needs, since operational systems hold a great deal that has no analytical value. Restricting the extract also limits the load placed on the operational systems, which must continue running the business while the extract takes place.

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10.

Data in the data warehouse are loaded and refreshed from operational systems.

Answer: A

Correct answer: True

The warehouse is not entered directly; it is filled from the operational systems by the ETL process and refreshed periodically thereafter. This is why it is described as non-volatile from the user’s point of view - end users read it and never update it.

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