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Resource Management and Consumer Issues Questions and Answers

91.

Significance of the Swachh Bharat Mission in the context of municipal solid waste management is :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: C

The Mission's significance is achieving cleanliness and proper waste management.

The Swachh Bharat Mission, launched on 2 October 2014, aims at a clean India: ending open defecation and achieving scientific management of municipal solid waste, through source segregation, door-to-door collection and processing.

The other options, littering, waste accumulation and illegal dumping, are exactly the problems the Mission was launched to stop, so each describes the opposite of its purpose.

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92.

Which of the following is not a management approach ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The double entry system is not a management approach; it is an accounting method in which every transaction is recorded as a debit in one account and an equal credit in another. It belongs to book-keeping, not to the study of how managers work.

The classical approach (scientific management and administrative theory), the systems approach (the organisation seen as interrelated parts working towards a goal) and the human relations approach (stress on the worker's social needs and motivation) are all recognised schools or approaches of management, so none of those three is the answer.

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93.

Principle of operation of an electric water heater is by

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

In an electric water heater the heating element is in direct contact with the water or with the metal wall of the tank, so heat passes from the hot element to the water by conduction. The question asks for the principle of operation, and conduction is the answer the key accepts.

Convection only spreads the heat afterwards, as warm water rises and cooler water sinks. Radiation needs no contact and is not the main route in an immersed element. Induction heating works through a magnetic field in cooking surfaces and is not how a standard water heater works.

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94.

Components of immplementing are

(i) Adjusting
(ii) Facilitating
(iii) Controlling
(iv) Checking
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The key accepts (ii) Facilitating and (iii) Controlling as the components of implementing, that is, of putting the plan into action. Facilitating makes the work easier by providing resources, equipment and a helpful atmosphere, and controlling keeps the work moving according to the plan.

Adjusting (i) and checking (iv) are treated as steps within controlling, not as separate components of implementing, which is why options that carry either of them are wrong. The wording of the stem is printed with a typing error, but it asks about implementing.

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95.

Assertion (A) : Standing in a static posture is fatiguing.

Reason (R) : Blood circulation is affected in the extremities while standing for work.
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

Both statements are true, but (R) is not the complete explanation. Standing in a static posture is fatiguing, as the muscles are held in contraction. Blood circulation to the extremities, especially the legs, is affected during standing, because blood pools there and returns to the heart slowly.

Poor circulation is one cause of the fatigue, but not the whole of it, because muscle strain and the load on the spine and joints also contribute. So the correct choice is the one saying both are true, but (R) is not the complete explanation.

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96.

Give the correct sequence of managerial functions listed below :

(a) Reporting
(b) Staffing
(c) Planning
(d) Organising
(e) Co-ordinating (f) Budgeting (g) Directing
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The managerial functions in the order of POSDCORB are planning (c), organising (d), staffing (b), directing (g), co-ordinating (e), reporting (a) and budgeting (f). This is Gulick's sequence, and it follows the logic of management: plan first, then set up the structure, fill it with people, direct them, co-ordinate the work, report on it and control costs through the budget.

The remaining options start with staffing, co-ordinating or directing before planning, and so break the order in which the functions are performed.

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97.

Match the following in List - I with

List - II :

List - IList - II
(a) Use of goods and services(i) Parker
(b) Handling money(ii) Entrepreneurship
(c) Income generation(iii) Standard of living
(d) Values(iv) Budget

Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The correct matching is (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i). Use of goods and services determines the standard of living, handling money is done through a budget, income generation is linked with entrepreneurship, and values are associated with Parker, whose work deals with values in management.

The other codes pair values with the budget or income generation with the standard of living, which is not right. Only (iii) (iv) (ii) (i) is correct.

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98.

Indicate the region, separating one system from another, in the systems approaches to management

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

In the systems approach to management, the boundary is the line or region that separates one system from another and from its environment, so that what is inside the system can be told from what is outside. The interface is the point at which two systems meet and exchange inputs and outputs, so it is where the systems interact and not the dividing region itself. Exchanger and divider are not terms of the systems approach. The answer is boundary.

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99.

Bending and carrying respectively belong to which kind of effort ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

In classifying the kind of effort, bending the body uses the trunk and is torsal effort, while carrying a load is done by the hands and arms and is manual effort. Pedal effort is foot work, as in operating a treadle, and mental effort is thinking. The pair that gives bending as torsal and carrying as manual is option B, Torsal and Manual. The others place pedal effort against one of these activities, which is wrong.

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100.

Organization chart is also known as

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The official key gives the flow chart as the other name for the organisation chart, since the chart shows how authority and responsibility flow between positions in the structure. A flip chart is a pad of large sheets used to present points in a talk, and a striptease chart is a presentation technique in which points are revealed one after another by uncovering a strip. The tree chart is the shape of the diagram, but the key does not accept it. The answer is flow chart.

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