Loads on Aircraft Structures Questions and Answers

Assertion (A): The stalling speed rises by about forty per cent in a sixty-degree banked turn.

Reason (R): The load factor in such a turn is two, and stalling speed goes as the square root of load factor.

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Assertion (A): The gust alleviation factor is always less than one.

Reason (R): A real gust builds up over a distance, and the aircraft starts to respond during that build-up.

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Assertion (A): A design sink rate of three metres per second is far more demanding than one of two.

Reason (R): The energy the undercarriage must absorb goes as the square of the sink rate.

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Assertion (A): Pressurisation is the load case that sizes a transport fuselage.

Reason (R): Pressurisation applies a cyclic hoop and longitudinal tension once per flight.

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Assertion (A): Manoeuvre and gust load factors are added together to size the structure.

Reason (R): Both are represented as envelopes of load factor against equivalent airspeed.

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Consider the following statements about the V-n manoeuvre envelope:

1. The boundary below the corner speed is set by the aerodynamic stall.

2. The boundary above the corner speed is set by the structural limit.

3. The right-hand boundary is the stalling speed.

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

Consider the following statements about limit and ultimate loads:

1. Limit load is the largest load expected in service.

2. Ultimate load is 1.5 times limit load in civil design.

3. Permanent deformation is unacceptable at ultimate load.

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

Consider the following statements about gust loading:

1. The load factor increment varies inversely with wing loading.

2. The alleviation factor accounts for the gust building up gradually.

3. Gust loads never govern the design of a transport wing.

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

Consider the following statements about inertia relief:

1. The wing's own mass acts opposite to the lift.

2. Fuel carried outboard reduces the root bending moment.

3. Engines mounted on the wing increase the root bending moment.

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

Consider the following statements about ground loads:

1. Landing impact, taxiing, braking and turning all produce them.

2. They frequently size the undercarriage and its attachment structure.

3. They are always smaller than the flight loads.

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?