Communication for Development in Home Science Questions and Answers

Answer: D

This is referred to as communication.

Communication is the process by which people share ideas, facts, opinions, information and understanding, so that a common understanding is reached between a sender and a receiver. Extension textbooks define it in nearly these words.

A relation is a connection between people, co-ordination is the harmonising of activities, and learning is the change in knowledge or behaviour that may result from communication. None of them names the act of sharing itself.

Answer: D

The traditional method of communication is the bhajan.

Bhajans, kirtans, folk songs, puppetry, street plays and storytelling are traditional or folk media. Extension workers in India use them because village audiences know and enjoy them, so messages on health, nutrition or farming carried in these forms are easily accepted.

The internet, the cell phone and the telephone are modern electronic media, so none of them is a traditional method.

Answer: A

The ingredient of communication is message and channel.

The basic elements of the communication process, as in Berlo's SMCR model, are the source or communicator, the message, the channel through which it travels and the receiver, with treatment of the message and feedback added in extension models.

Audio aids and visual aids are tools that may be used as channels, not elements of communication in themselves, and an organiser arranges programmes rather than being part of the communication process.

Answer: D

Such campaigns target value change.

Articles on the 'protection and pride of the girl child' address the low worth that sections of society place on daughters, which underlies female foeticide, neglect and discrimination. Their aim is to change what people consider worthwhile and right, that is, their values, so that a daughter is seen as a source of pride.

Cognitive change would only add information or knowledge, and behaviour or action change concerns a specific practice, such as getting a child immunised. A message about pride in the girl child works at the deeper level of values, from which such behaviours follow.

Answer: D

The key's answer is 4 to 12 feet.

The figures come from Edward T. Hall's proxemics, which describes four zones of space in face-to-face communication: intimate distance (up to 1.5 feet), personal distance (1.5 to 4 feet), social distance (4 to 12 feet) and public distance (beyond 12 feet). Social distance is used for impersonal business and among people who are not close, and the question's 'social media' stands for this social zone.

1.5 to 4 feet is personal distance, kept with friends and family. '2, 1.5' runs backwards, and 1 to 2 feet falls within the intimate and personal zones.

Answer: C

The answer is a newspaper.

A news story is written in the news style, with the most important facts first, to report a timely event; the place for it is a newspaper, which is published daily or weekly and reaches a wide public.

An extension bulletin is a detailed publication on one subject, such as a crop or recipe, and a folder is a short leaflet folded to give a few key practices; neither carries news stories. A sports magazine prints only sports news, so it would not take an extension worker's story.

Answer: D

The physical barrier is environmental stress.

Physical barriers to communication come from the surroundings: noise, poor lighting, heat or cold, distance and a crowded or uncomfortable place. Together these are called environmental stress, and they interfere with sending or receiving a message.

Mental stress, fear and tension arise inside the person. They are psychological (emotional) barriers, not physical ones.

Answer: B

Communication is a primary tool for effective behaviour change.

In extension and health education, the purpose of communication is to bring about changes in people's knowledge, attitudes and practices, which is why programmes speak of behaviour change communication (BCC).

Speaking and expressing knowledge are parts of communication itself, not what it serves, and 'impact' is too vague: communication is judged by whether it changes behaviour.

Answer: A

The process is called encoding.

In the communication model, the source encodes the message by turning ideas into symbols, such as words, pictures or gestures, so that they can be sent through a channel.

Decoding is the reverse, done by the receiver, who interprets the symbols to recover the meaning. The channel is the medium that carries the message, and a physical barrier is something in the environment that obstructs it.

Answer: D

The projected visual aid is the filmstrip.

Projected aids are viewed by throwing an enlarged image on a screen with a projector. A filmstrip, a strip of 35 mm film carrying a series of still pictures, is shown with a filmstrip projector, as are slides and transparencies.

The chalkboard, poster and photograph are non-projected visual aids, looked at directly without any equipment.