Environmental Auditing Questions and Answers

Q: Which of the following standards from the ISO 14000 series is a normative standard ?

The normative standard is ISO 14001.ISO 14001 specifies the requirements of an environmental management system: an environmental policy, planning, implementation, checking and management review. Because it states requirements, an organisation can be audited and certified against it, which is what makes it normative (a specification standard).The other standards in the series give guidance only: ISO 14020 sets general principles for environmental labels, ISO 14040 the principles of life cycle assessment, and ISO 14015 the environmental assessment of sites and organisations. None is used for certification.

Q: An environmental audit helps in achieving :

An environmental audit helps in achieving All of the above.An environmental audit is a systematic, documented and periodic check of how an organisation manages its environmental impacts. Tracing the flow of materials, energy and water through a plant shows where waste is generated and how it can be cut (waste minimization), where raw materials and energy are lost (resource optimization), and whether discharges and records meet consents and standards (compliance to environmental laws).Because each of the first three is a recognised benefit of the audit, choosing any one alone leaves the others out. In India, industries file an annual Environmental Statement under the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, which is a form of environmental audit.

Q: Part B of Environment Statement Report in Form V consists of :

Part B covers water and raw material consumption.Form V, the annual Environmental Statement under rule 14 of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, runs in parts: Part A gives the unit's general details, Part B water and raw material consumption, Part C pollution discharged to the environment, Part D hazardous wastes, and Part E solid wastes, followed by parts on disposal practices and pollution abatement measures.So pollution discharged, hazardous waste and solid waste are all real headings of Form V, but they are Parts C, D and E, not Part B.

The following are the types of environmental audit :

A.Liabilities Audit
B.Waste Audits
C.EMS Audit
D.All of the above

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: D

All three are types of environmental audit, so the answer is all of the above.

An environmental audit is a systematic, documented check of an organisation's environmental performance, and it takes several forms. A liabilities audit assesses environmental risks and liabilities, for example before buying a site or a company. A waste audit traces where wastes arise and how they could be reduced. An EMS audit checks whether an environmental management system, such as one under ISO 14001, is being followed.

Others include compliance audits and the environmental statement Indian industries file each year. Since liabilities, waste and EMS audits are all accepted types, choosing only one is incomplete.

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Which of the following standards from the ISO 14000 series is a normative standard ?

A.ISO 14001
B.ISO 14020
C.ISO 14040
D.ISO 14015

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: A

The normative standard is ISO 14001.

ISO 14001 specifies the requirements of an environmental management system: an environmental policy, planning, implementation, checking and management review. Because it states requirements, an organisation can be audited and certified against it, which is what makes it normative (a specification standard).

The other standards in the series give guidance only: ISO 14020 sets general principles for environmental labels, ISO 14040 the principles of life cycle assessment, and ISO 14015 the environmental assessment of sites and organisations. None is used for certification.

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An environmental audit helps in achieving :

A.Waste minimization
B.Resource optimization
C.Compliance to environmental laws
D.All of the above

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: D

An environmental audit helps in achieving All of the above.

An environmental audit is a systematic, documented and periodic check of how an organisation manages its environmental impacts. Tracing the flow of materials, energy and water through a plant shows where waste is generated and how it can be cut (waste minimization), where raw materials and energy are lost (resource optimization), and whether discharges and records meet consents and standards (compliance to environmental laws).

Because each of the first three is a recognised benefit of the audit, choosing any one alone leaves the others out. In India, industries file an annual Environmental Statement under the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, which is a form of environmental audit.

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Part B of Environment Statement Report in Form V consists of :

A.Water and raw material consumption
B.Pollution discharged to environment
C.Hazardous waste
D.Solid waste

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: A

Part B covers water and raw material consumption.

Form V, the annual Environmental Statement under rule 14 of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, runs in parts: Part A gives the unit's general details, Part B water and raw material consumption, Part C pollution discharged to the environment, Part D hazardous wastes, and Part E solid wastes, followed by parts on disposal practices and pollution abatement measures.

So pollution discharged, hazardous waste and solid waste are all real headings of Form V, but they are Parts C, D and E, not Part B.

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Match the 'phase' with the 'activity' in Environmental Audit. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :

List - I (Phase)	List - II (Activity)
a. Pre-Audit	i. Human input-output analysis in relation to economy
b. On-site Audit	ii. Reviewing audit-check lists
c. Post-Audit	iii. Records/ Documents Review

Codes : a b c

A.ii iii i
B.i iii ii
C.i ii iii
D.iii ii i

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The match is Pre-Audit with reviewing the audit check-lists, On-site Audit with the review of records and documents, and Post-Audit with the human input-output analysis in relation to economy, which is the code 'ii iii i'. Before the visit, the auditor prepares by reviewing the check-lists. During the visit, records and documents are examined. In the post-audit phase, the findings are analysed, here with the input-output analysis of resource use in relation to the economy. The other codes interchange these activities across phases, for example placing document review in the preparation stage.

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Which one of the following is not a post audit activity under environmental audit process ?

A.Review of draft report by Law department.
B.Issue of final report to functional specialist.
C.Develop action plan to establish responsibility.
D.Report audit findings.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

'Report audit findings' is not a post audit activity, because it is part of the audit itself, where the team records and reports what it has found. The post audit stage follows the audit and covers review of the draft report, issue of the final report and the action plan.

Review of the draft report by the legal department, issue of the final report and development of an action plan to fix responsibility are post audit steps. The answer is option D.

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Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched ?

A.Specification for environmental management system ISO 14001
B.Environmental performance evaluation ISO 14040
C.Guidelines for environmental auditing ISO 14000
D.Environmental labels and declaration ISO 14004

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

The correct pair is the specification for an environmental management system with ISO 14001. That standard gives the requirements an organization must meet to certify its environmental management system.

ISO 14040 is for life cycle assessment, not performance evaluation, which is ISO 14031. ISO 14000 is the general family name, and the auditing guidelines are in ISO 14010. Environmental labels and declarations are covered by the ISO 14020 series, not ISO 14004. The answer is option A.

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Quantifying the energy and raw material requirement as a part of life cycle assessment, is termed as

A.Life Cycle improvement analysis.
B.Life Cycle impact analysis.
C.Life Cycle inventory.
D.Life Cycle pre-requisites.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

Quantifying the energy and raw material needs of a product is the inventory stage of life cycle assessment, called life cycle inventory. It lists the inputs and outputs at each stage of the product's life.

Impact analysis comes after the inventory and assesses the environmental effects of those inputs and outputs. Improvement analysis follows that, to find where to reduce the impacts. 'Life cycle pre-requisites' is not a stage. The answer is option C.

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