Forensic Ballistics Questions and Answers

Q: The diameter of LG shot is

The diameter of LG shot is 9.14 mm.Shot sizes are a way of linking recovered pellets with the cartridge that fired them, which is useful in shotgun cases.Buckshot is classified by size, and LG (large grain) is the largest, about 0.36 inch, which is 9.14 mm. It is used in shotguns for large game and, in crime, to cause severe wounds.The values 8.43 mm, 6.83 mm and 5.16 mm are the smaller sizes of the series, so they are not LG.

Q: Derringers are single shot pistols, which possess

Derringers are keyed as possessing multiple barrels.A derringer is a short pocket pistol, and many are made with two barrels, one above the other or side by side, each barrel firing one shot, which gives it more than one shot without a magazine.It has no choke, which is a narrowing at the muzzle of a shotgun barrel, and no magazine, so those options are wrong. The key does not accept a single barrel.

Q: The kinetic energy of a moving projectile is determined by

The kinetic energy of a moving projectile is one half of the mass times the square of the velocity, \(\frac{1}{2}MV^{2}\).The formula is\[ K.E. = \frac{1}{2}\,M\,V^{2} \]Energy depends on the square of the velocity, so doubling the speed makes the energy four times as great, which is why velocity matters more than mass for the wounding power of a bullet.The expression with V to the first power is the form of the momentum, with a half, and the expression without the half is twice the energy. The square-root expression has no physical meaning here.

Q: In the firing mechanism of firearm trombone action is also called as(a) Pump action(b) Lever action(c) Bolt action(d) Slide actionCodes :

The correct statement is that (a) and (d) are correct.In a trombone action the forearm of the gun is slid back and forward, like the slide of a trombone, to eject the used cartridge and load the next one. It is also called pump action and slide action.Lever action uses a lever under the gun and bolt action uses a bolt handle, so they are different mechanisms, and options with (b) or (c) are wrong.

Q: The probable time of last fire from a firearm can be determined by

The probable time of the last fire can be judged by fouling.The estimate is only approximate, since the rate of change depends on the weather, the type of powder and the care given to the weapon.After a firearm is discharged, the powder residue left in the bore, the fouling, changes with time. Fresh fouling is dark and has a smell of burnt powder, and in time it dries and rust forms, so the state of the fouling indicates how long ago the weapon was fired.Dispersion of pellets and trajectory tell the range and path of the shot, and muzzle velocity is a property of the cartridge and weapon, so none of them gives the time of firing.

Q: Singeing of hair around a wound of entry is seen at which range ?

Singeing of hair around a wound of entry is seen at close range.At close range, up to about 15 cm for a handgun, the flame and hot gases from the muzzle burn the hair and skin around the entry wound, along with blackening and tattooing. Singeing is the mark of flame and hot gas.At contact range the burning is also present, but it is overshadowed by the searing and soot in the wound. At intermediate and long range the flame no longer reaches the skin, so there is no singeing.

Q: Zeroing is

Zeroing is the sight adjustment so that the bullet strikes the bull's eye of the target.A marksman fires test shots at a fixed distance and adjusts the sights until the bullet lands at the centre of the target, which is done to the sights and not the distance.The options that bring in the adjustment of distance are wrong, and firing without any adjustment is not zeroing.Zeroing is needed again when the sights are moved or the ammunition is changed, and it is done at a distance fixed for the weapon, such as 25 metres for a pistol.

Q: The diameter of 16 bore shot gun is

The diameter of a 16 bore shot gun is 0.662 inch.The bore number is the number of lead balls, each fitting the barrel, that weigh one pound. A smaller number is a larger bore, so 12 bore is 0.729 inch, 16 bore is 0.662 inch and 20 bore is 0.615 inch.The value 0.729 is that of the 12 bore, and 0.709 and 0.579 do not match the 16 bore.A small check is that the bore number rises as the barrel gets narrower, so the diameter for 16 must lie between the 12 bore value of 0.729 and the 20 bore value of 0.615 inch.

111.

In black powder Fg, FFg, FFFg number represents

A.Weight of powder grains
B.Volume of powder grains
C.Fineness of powder grains
D.Density of powder grains

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

In black powder grades Fg, FFg and FFFg, the number of F's represents the fineness of the powder grains, option (C): the more F's, the finer the grain, so Fg is coarse, FFg is medium and FFFg is fine. The number does not show the weight, volume or density of the grains, so (A), (B) and (D) are wrong. Finer powder burns faster and is used in small bore arms and pistols, and coarse powder in large guns.

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112.

The diameter of LG shot is

A.9.14 mm
B.8.43 mm
C.6.83 mm
D.5.16 mm

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

The diameter of LG shot is 9.14 mm.

Shot sizes are a way of linking recovered pellets with the cartridge that fired them, which is useful in shotgun cases.

Buckshot is classified by size, and LG (large grain) is the largest, about 0.36 inch, which is 9.14 mm. It is used in shotguns for large game and, in crime, to cause severe wounds.

The values 8.43 mm, 6.83 mm and 5.16 mm are the smaller sizes of the series, so they are not LG.

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113.

Derringers are single shot pistols, which possess

A.Single barrel
B.Multiple barrel
C.Choke in the barrel
D.Magazine

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

Derringers are keyed as possessing multiple barrels.

A derringer is a short pocket pistol, and many are made with two barrels, one above the other or side by side, each barrel firing one shot, which gives it more than one shot without a magazine.

It has no choke, which is a narrowing at the muzzle of a shotgun barrel, and no magazine, so those options are wrong. The key does not accept a single barrel.

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114.

The kinetic energy of a moving projectile is determined by

A.\(K.E. = \frac{1}{2} MV\)
B.\(K.E. = \frac{1}{2} MV^{2}\)
C.\(K.E. = MV^{2}\)
D.\(K.E. = \sqrt{\frac{1\,MV^{2}}{2}}\)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The kinetic energy of a moving projectile is one half of the mass times the square of the velocity, \(\frac{1}{2}MV^{2}\).

The formula is

\[ K.E. = \frac{1}{2}\,M\,V^{2} \]

Energy depends on the square of the velocity, so doubling the speed makes the energy four times as great, which is why velocity matters more than mass for the wounding power of a bullet.

The expression with V to the first power is the form of the momentum, with a half, and the expression without the half is twice the energy. The square-root expression has no physical meaning here.

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115.

In the firing mechanism of firearm trombone action is also called as

(a) Pump action
(b) Lever action
(c) Bolt action
(d) Slide action
Codes :

A.(a) and (b) are correct
B.(a) and (c) are correct
C.(b) and (d) are correct
D.(a) and (d) are correct

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

The correct statement is that (a) and (d) are correct.

In a trombone action the forearm of the gun is slid back and forward, like the slide of a trombone, to eject the used cartridge and load the next one. It is also called pump action and slide action.

Lever action uses a lever under the gun and bolt action uses a bolt handle, so they are different mechanisms, and options with (b) or (c) are wrong.

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116.

The probable time of last fire from a firearm can be determined by

A.Dispersion of pellets
B.Fouling
C.Trajectory of projectile
D.Muzzle velocity of projectile

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The probable time of the last fire can be judged by fouling.

The estimate is only approximate, since the rate of change depends on the weather, the type of powder and the care given to the weapon.

After a firearm is discharged, the powder residue left in the bore, the fouling, changes with time. Fresh fouling is dark and has a smell of burnt powder, and in time it dries and rust forms, so the state of the fouling indicates how long ago the weapon was fired.

Dispersion of pellets and trajectory tell the range and path of the shot, and muzzle velocity is a property of the cartridge and weapon, so none of them gives the time of firing.

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117.

Singeing of hair around a wound of entry is seen at which range ?

A.Contact
B.Close range
C.Intermediate range
D.Long range

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

Singeing of hair around a wound of entry is seen at close range.

At close range, up to about 15 cm for a handgun, the flame and hot gases from the muzzle burn the hair and skin around the entry wound, along with blackening and tattooing. Singeing is the mark of flame and hot gas.

At contact range the burning is also present, but it is overshadowed by the searing and soot in the wound. At intermediate and long range the flame no longer reaches the skin, so there is no singeing.

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118.

The identification of shot gun is possible when the fired cartridge contains

A.A shots
B.B shots
C.Buck shots
D.SSG shots

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The identification of the shotgun is possible when the fired cartridge contains buck shots, as the official key gives.

Buckshot pellets are large, so they can take on marks from the bore and from the choke, and a pellet may be compared with the barrel of the suspected weapon.

The small shot sizes in the other options deform too much on firing and leave no useful marks.

A reviewer may wish to check this against the source of the key, since the other pellets named are of the small sizes that lose their marks.

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119.

Zeroing is

A.Distance adjustment to strike the bullet at Bull's eye of target.
B.Sight adjustment so that the bullet strikes at Bull's eye of target.
C.Distance and sight adjustment to strike the bullet at the target.
D.Firing at the target without any adjustment

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

Zeroing is the sight adjustment so that the bullet strikes the bull's eye of the target.

A marksman fires test shots at a fixed distance and adjusts the sights until the bullet lands at the centre of the target, which is done to the sights and not the distance.

The options that bring in the adjustment of distance are wrong, and firing without any adjustment is not zeroing.

Zeroing is needed again when the sights are moved or the ammunition is changed, and it is done at a distance fixed for the weapon, such as 25 metres for a pistol.

Discuss in Forum

120.

The diameter of 16 bore shot gun is

A..729"
B..709"
C..662"
D..579"

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The diameter of a 16 bore shot gun is 0.662 inch.

The bore number is the number of lead balls, each fitting the barrel, that weigh one pound. A smaller number is a larger bore, so 12 bore is 0.729 inch, 16 bore is 0.662 inch and 20 bore is 0.615 inch.

The value 0.729 is that of the 12 bore, and 0.709 and 0.579 do not match the 16 bore.

A small check is that the bore number rises as the barrel gets narrower, so the diameter for 16 must lie between the 12 bore value of 0.729 and the 20 bore value of 0.615 inch.

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