General Explanations and Definitions Questions and Answers

Q: Which section of the NDPS Act prohibits the cultivation, production, sale, and possession of narcotic drugs ?

The prohibition is in Section 8 of the NDPS Act.Section 8, 'Prohibition of certain operations', provides that no person shall cultivate the coca plant, opium poppy or cannabis plant, or produce, manufacture, possess, sell, purchase, transport, warehouse, use, consume, import, export or transship any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance, except for medical or scientific purposes in the manner the Act and rules allow.Section 10 lets State Governments permit and regulate certain operations, section 13 deals specially with coca leaves, and section 27 punishes consumption. None of these is the general prohibition.

Q: Cannabis (hemp) means(1) charas, (2) ganja, (3) any mixture, with or without any neutral material

The answer is All of these.Section 2(iii) of the NDPS Act defines cannabis (hemp) as (a) charas, the separated resin of the cannabis plant; (b) ganja, the flowering or fruiting tops of the plant; and (c) any mixture, with or without any neutral material, of either of these, or any drink prepared from it.Each option that leaves out one of the three items is incomplete, since all three are part of the definition.

Q: Which activity does not come under definition of "manufacture", in relation to narcotic drugs?

The activity that is not 'manufacture' is direct agricultural production.Section 2(xi) of the NDPS Act defines manufacture as all processes, other than production, by which narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances may be obtained, including refining, transformation and the making of preparations. Production is defined separately, in section 2(xxiv), as the separation of opium, poppy straw, coca leaves or cannabis from the plants, which is the agricultural stage.So options A, B and C are all expressly within the definition of manufacture, and only production is excluded.

Q: In which case it was said that "to hold a person guilty, possession has to be conscious."

The remark comes from Ram Singh v Central Bureau of Narcotics.In that decision the Supreme Court said, in paragraph 24, "It is trite that to hold a person guilty, possession has to be conscious." The case, which asked whether a hotel servant was in possession of his master's contraband, is the source of the sentence in the question.Madan Lal v State of Himachal Pradesh (2003) is the best-known authority on conscious possession under the NDPS Act and states the same principle in other words, so it is tempting, but the quoted line is Ram Singh's. M. Prabhulal and Balbir Kaur are other NDPS decisions that are not the source of the sentence.

Q: __________ means coca leaf, cannabis (hemp), opium, poppy straw and includes all manufactured drugs

The definition is of a narcotic drug.Section 2(xiv) of the NDPS Act provides that narcotic drug means coca leaf, cannabis (hemp), opium, poppy straw and includes all manufactured drugs. These are the plant-based drugs and their derivatives.A psychotropic substance (section 2(xxiii)) means a natural or synthetic substance listed in the Schedule to the Act, such as many sedatives and stimulants. An essential narcotic drug is a narcotic drug that the Central Government notifies for medical use, a narrower category added in 2014. The definition quoted is the general one.

Q: The provisions in respect of prohibition, control and regulation of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substance have been prescribed in __________ chapter of NDPS Act.

These provisions are in Chapter III.The NDPS Act is arranged as follows: Chapter II sets up the authorities and officers; Chapter III, 'Prohibition, Control and Regulation', contains sections 8 to 14, including the general prohibition in section 8 and the powers of the Central and State Governments to permit and regulate operations; Chapter IV deals with offences and penalties; Chapter V with procedure (searches, seizures, arrests); and Chapter VI with miscellaneous matters.So Chapter IV, V and VI each hold different parts of the scheme.

Q: Which chapter of NDPS Act, deals with forfeiture of property derived from or used in illicit traffic of such drugs and substances ?

Forfeiture of property is dealt with in Chapter V-A.Chapter V-A, 'Forfeiture of property derived from, or used in, illicit traffic' (sections 68A to 68Y), was inserted in 1989. It allows a competent authority to trace, freeze, seize and forfeit property that a person convicted of, or detained for, drug trafficking acquired through illicit traffic, including property held in the names of relatives and associates.Chapter III contains the prohibitions, Chapter IV the offences and penalties, and Chapter V the procedure for search, seizure and arrest.

Q: Any ammunition contained or designed or adapted to contain, any noxious liquid, gas or other such thing, and includes rockets, bombs, grenades etc. are

Such ammunition is prohibited ammunition.Section 2(1)(h) of the Arms Act defines prohibited ammunition as any ammunition containing, or designed or adapted to contain, any noxious liquid, gas or other such thing, and it includes rockets, bombs, grenades, shells, missiles and other ammunition the Central Government may notify. Dealing in it needs the Central Government's special authorisation under section 7.Arms and firearms are the weapons themselves, not their ammunition. 'Restricted ammunition' is not a category defined in the Act.

Q: Under the Arms Act, a person may acquire, have in his possession or carry any firearm or ammunition

The age is 21 years.Section 9(1)(a)(i) of the Arms Act provides that no person who has not completed the age of twenty-one years shall acquire, have in his possession or carry any firearm or ammunition. A proviso allows a younger person to use a firearm for training in sport or shooting under proper supervision, but not to acquire or carry one on his own. A person of 21 or more still needs a licence.16 and 18 are below the statutory age, and 25 is above it.

Q: A person who has in his possession more firearms than three at the commencement of the Arms (Amendment) Act, 1983, may retain with him __________ such firearms.

He may retain three such firearms.The Arms (Amendment) Act, 1983 first limited the number of firearms a person could hold to three. Its transitional provision allowed a person who held more than three at its commencement to retain any three of them and required him to deposit the rest with the police or a licensed dealer.The Arms (Amendment) Act, 2019 later reduced the limit to two, with a similar deposit requirement, but the question asks about the position under the 1983 amendment. One, two and four do not match that provision.

21.

Which section of the NDPS Act prohibits the cultivation, production, sale, and possession of narcotic drugs ?

A.Section 8
B.Section 10
C.Section 27
D.Section 13

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: A

The prohibition is in Section 8 of the NDPS Act.

Section 8, 'Prohibition of certain operations', provides that no person shall cultivate the coca plant, opium poppy or cannabis plant, or produce, manufacture, possess, sell, purchase, transport, warehouse, use, consume, import, export or transship any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance, except for medical or scientific purposes in the manner the Act and rules allow.

Section 10 lets State Governments permit and regulate certain operations, section 13 deals specially with coca leaves, and section 27 punishes consumption. None of these is the general prohibition.

Discuss in Forum

22.

Cannabis (hemp) means

(1) charas, (2) ganja, (3) any mixture, with or without any neutral material

A.(1) and (2)
B.(1) and (3)
C.(2) and (3).
D.All of these

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: D

The answer is All of these.

Section 2(iii) of the NDPS Act defines cannabis (hemp) as (a) charas, the separated resin of the cannabis plant; (b) ganja, the flowering or fruiting tops of the plant; and (c) any mixture, with or without any neutral material, of either of these, or any drink prepared from it.

Each option that leaves out one of the three items is incomplete, since all three are part of the definition.

Discuss in Forum

23.

Which activity does not come under definition of "manufacture", in relation to narcotic drugs?

A.refining of such drugs or substances
B.transformation of such drugs or substances
C.making of preparation with or containing such drugs
D.direct agricultural production

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: D

The activity that is not 'manufacture' is direct agricultural production.

Section 2(xi) of the NDPS Act defines manufacture as all processes, other than production, by which narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances may be obtained, including refining, transformation and the making of preparations. Production is defined separately, in section 2(xxiv), as the separation of opium, poppy straw, coca leaves or cannabis from the plants, which is the agricultural stage.

So options A, B and C are all expressly within the definition of manufacture, and only production is excluded.

Discuss in Forum

24.

In which case it was said that "to hold a person guilty, possession has to be conscious."

A.Ram Singh Vs. Central Bureau of Narcotics (AIR 2011SC 2490)
B.M. Prabhulal Vs. Assistant Director-(AIR 2003 SC 4311)
C.Balbir Kaur Vs. State of Punjab (AIR 2009 SC 3036)
D.Madan Lal and another Vs. State of Himachal Pradesh (AIR 2003 SC 3642)

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: A

The remark comes from Ram Singh v Central Bureau of Narcotics.

In that decision the Supreme Court said, in paragraph 24, "It is trite that to hold a person guilty, possession has to be conscious." The case, which asked whether a hotel servant was in possession of his master's contraband, is the source of the sentence in the question.

Madan Lal v State of Himachal Pradesh (2003) is the best-known authority on conscious possession under the NDPS Act and states the same principle in other words, so it is tempting, but the quoted line is Ram Singh's. M. Prabhulal and Balbir Kaur are other NDPS decisions that are not the source of the sentence.

Discuss in Forum

25.

__________ means coca leaf, cannabis (hemp), opium, poppy straw and includes all manufactured drugs

A.narcotic drug
B.psychotropic substance
C.essential narcotic drug
D.(A) and (B) both

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: A

The definition is of a narcotic drug.

Section 2(xiv) of the NDPS Act provides that narcotic drug means coca leaf, cannabis (hemp), opium, poppy straw and includes all manufactured drugs. These are the plant-based drugs and their derivatives.

A psychotropic substance (section 2(xxiii)) means a natural or synthetic substance listed in the Schedule to the Act, such as many sedatives and stimulants. An essential narcotic drug is a narcotic drug that the Central Government notifies for medical use, a narrower category added in 2014. The definition quoted is the general one.

Discuss in Forum

26.

The provisions in respect of prohibition, control and regulation of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substance have been prescribed in __________ chapter of NDPS Act.

A.Chapter III
B.Chapter IV
C.Chapter V
D.Chapter VI

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: A

These provisions are in Chapter III.

The NDPS Act is arranged as follows: Chapter II sets up the authorities and officers; Chapter III, 'Prohibition, Control and Regulation', contains sections 8 to 14, including the general prohibition in section 8 and the powers of the Central and State Governments to permit and regulate operations; Chapter IV deals with offences and penalties; Chapter V with procedure (searches, seizures, arrests); and Chapter VI with miscellaneous matters.

So Chapter IV, V and VI each hold different parts of the scheme.

Discuss in Forum

27.

Which chapter of NDPS Act, deals with forfeiture of property derived from or used in illicit traffic of such drugs and substances ?

A.Chapter III
B.Chapter IV
C.Chapter V
D.Chapter V-A

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: D

Forfeiture of property is dealt with in Chapter V-A.

Chapter V-A, 'Forfeiture of property derived from, or used in, illicit traffic' (sections 68A to 68Y), was inserted in 1989. It allows a competent authority to trace, freeze, seize and forfeit property that a person convicted of, or detained for, drug trafficking acquired through illicit traffic, including property held in the names of relatives and associates.

Chapter III contains the prohibitions, Chapter IV the offences and penalties, and Chapter V the procedure for search, seizure and arrest.

Discuss in Forum

28.

Any ammunition contained or designed or adapted to contain, any noxious liquid, gas or other such thing, and includes rockets, bombs, grenades etc. are

A.arms
B.firearms
C.Prohibited ammunition
D.Restricted ammunition

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: C

Such ammunition is prohibited ammunition.

Section 2(1)(h) of the Arms Act defines prohibited ammunition as any ammunition containing, or designed or adapted to contain, any noxious liquid, gas or other such thing, and it includes rockets, bombs, grenades, shells, missiles and other ammunition the Central Government may notify. Dealing in it needs the Central Government's special authorisation under section 7.

Arms and firearms are the weapons themselves, not their ammunition. 'Restricted ammunition' is not a category defined in the Act.

Discuss in Forum

29.

Under the Arms Act, a person may acquire, have in his possession or carry any firearm or ammunition

A.if he completes the age of 16 years
B.if he completes the age of 18 years
C.if he completes the age of 21 years
D.if he completes the age of 25 years

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: C

The age is 21 years.

Section 9(1)(a)(i) of the Arms Act provides that no person who has not completed the age of twenty-one years shall acquire, have in his possession or carry any firearm or ammunition. A proviso allows a younger person to use a firearm for training in sport or shooting under proper supervision, but not to acquire or carry one on his own. A person of 21 or more still needs a licence.

16 and 18 are below the statutory age, and 25 is above it.

Discuss in Forum

30.

A person who has in his possession more firearms than three at the commencement of the Arms (Amendment) Act, 1983, may retain with him __________ such firearms.

A.two
B.three
C.four
D.one

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: B

He may retain three such firearms.

The Arms (Amendment) Act, 1983 first limited the number of firearms a person could hold to three. Its transitional provision allowed a person who held more than three at its commencement to retain any three of them and required him to deposit the rest with the police or a licensed dealer.

The Arms (Amendment) Act, 2019 later reduced the limit to two, with a similar deposit requirement, but the question asks about the position under the 1983 amendment. One, two and four do not match that provision.

Discuss in Forum

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