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Thinking, Intelligence and Creativity Questions and Answers

161.

Read the following statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer by using the codes given below :

Assertion (A) : In deduction, conclusion is derived from a premise.
Reason (R) : People reason by using deduction as well as induction.
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

Both statements are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). In deduction a conclusion is drawn from premises, so (A) is true, and people do reason by deduction as well as induction, so (R) is true.

The fact that people use both kinds of reasoning does not explain why a deductive conclusion is derived from a premise, so (R) is not an explanation of (A). The second option is correct.

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162.

Match the List - I with List - II and indicate your answer with the help of codes given below :

List - I (Phenomenon)List - II (Psychological name)
p. Smallest unit that carries meaning1. Grammer
q. Rules to communicate and understand others2. Semantics
r. Rules for desiring meanings3. Morphemes
s. Rules for combining words4. Syntax

Codes : p q r s

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The correct matching is p-3, q-1, r-2 and s-4. The smallest unit that carries meaning is the morpheme, the rules to communicate and understand others are the grammar, the rules for deriving meaning are semantics, and the rules for combining words are syntax.

The other codes interchange semantics with syntax or grammar. Note that the printed 'desiring meanings' means 'deriving meanings'.

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163.

Out of following who has not divided intelligence into two general components ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

Thurstone is the one who did not divide intelligence into two general components. He proposed seven primary mental abilities.

Cattell is known for the two components fluid and crystallised intelligence, Jensen proposed two levels (associative learning and conceptual learning), and Hebb proposed Intelligence A and Intelligence B. So the answer is Thurstone, the fourth option.

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164.

Number of different factors as specified by Spearman to explain the performance on some tests :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

Spearman proposed one general factor 'g' and many specific factors 's'. A performance on a test depends on 'g', common to all tests, and on an 's' that is special to the test.

The options with many 'g' factors, or with only one 's' factor, do not match this two-factor theory, so the fourth option is correct.

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165.

Which set of three approaches is more relevant to study the impact of Genetic factors on intelligence ?

1. Correlation between siblings
2. Correlation between identical twins reared apart.
3. Adopted child studies.
4. Correlation between parents and children.
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The key gives 1, 2 and 4: correlation between siblings, correlation between identical twins reared apart, and correlation between parents and children. These are the approaches that bear on the impact of genetic factors on intelligence, since higher correlations between people who share more genes point to a genetic influence.

Adopted child studies are also an approach of this kind, but the key does not include them in the set of three. The answer follows the official key.

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166.

Out of the following who has not explained intelligence in terms of Psychometric Approach ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

Sternberg did not explain intelligence through the psychometric approach. His triarchic theory is a cognitive, information-processing account that describes components of thinking (meta components, performance components and knowledge acquisition components) with experiential and contextual aspects.

Jensen, Cattell and Thurstone all relied on factor analysis of test scores. Jensen worked on the general factor, Cattell proposed fluid and crystallised intelligence, and Thurstone proposed the primary mental abilities, so they are the psychometric theorists and not the answer.

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167.

Match List - I with List - II and indicate your answer with the help of the given codes :

List - I (Styles)List - II (Descriptions)
p. Impulsive cognitive style1. Responding slowly, carefully and accurately
q. Reflective cognitive style2. Memorizing but not understanding the learning material
r. Deep processing learning style3. Responding quickly but often inaccurately
s. Surface processing learning style4. Understanding the underlying concepts and meaning of learning material

Codes : p q r s

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The correct matching is an impulsive cognitive style with responding quickly but often inaccurately (3), a reflective style with responding slowly, carefully and accurately (1), deep processing with understanding the underlying concepts and meaning (4), and surface processing with memorizing without understanding (2). The code is 3, 1, 4, 2.

The impulsive and reflective styles describe the speed-accuracy trade-off, while deep and surface processing describe how thoroughly the learner works on the meaning of the material. The other codes reverse one or both of these pairs.

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168.

I imagine becoming a renowned painter some day. I am engaging in

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

Imagining that one will become a renowned painter some day is autistic thinking. This is wish-fulfilling thinking, a form of fantasy or day dreaming in which the person imagines desired outcomes without testing them against reality.

Divergent thinking is the production of many different ideas for an open problem, creative thinking produces something novel and useful, and prospective thinking is planning about the future in a realistic way. The daydream of fame is not any of these, so the other options are wrong.

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169.

Which are the concepts mainly used by Sternberg in his theory of intelligence ?

1. Meta components
2. Performance components
3. Factor Analysis
4. Selective encoding
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The concepts mainly used by Sternberg in his theory of intelligence are meta components, performance components and selective encoding, which is the code 1, 2 and 4.

Sternberg's componential subtheory names meta components, performance components and knowledge acquisition components, and selective encoding is one of the knowledge acquisition processes. Factor analysis (3) is the statistical method of the psychometric theorists and is not a concept of his theory, so the codes containing it are wrong.

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170.

Ideas interfering with the correct solution of a problem fade during this stage of creative thinking. This stage is

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

Ideas that interfere with the correct solution fade during the stage of incubation. In Wallas's stages of creative thinking, preparation is followed by incubation, in which the problem is set aside, and unhelpful ideas weaken and the mind can work on it unconsciously.

Illumination is the sudden insight, evaluation is the testing of the idea and revision is its refinement. These come after the fading of the interfering ideas and so are not the answer.

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