Child and Human Development Questions and Answers

Q: Gifts and occupations are used to guide and structure play :

Gifts and occupations belong to Froebel's philosophy.Friedrich Froebel, founder of the kindergarten, designed the 'gifts' (balls, wooden blocks, cylinders and other shapes) and the 'occupations' (activities such as paper folding, weaving, sewing and clay modelling) to guide children's play toward understanding form, number and the unity of nature.Head Start is an American compensatory programme, the constructivist approach follows Piaget's ideas of active learning, and the Reggio Emilia approach builds on children's projects and the 'hundred languages' of expression, not on Froebel's gifts.

Q: The Waldorf educational approach emphasizes balanced development of :

Waldorf education emphasises balanced development of head, heart and hands.Founded by Rudolf Steiner in 1919, Waldorf schools aim to educate the whole child: thinking (head), feeling (heart) and willing or doing (hands). Academic work is joined with art, music, movement, crafts and practical work.Each of the other options names only two of the three, leaving out one part of the whole-child aim.

Q: Ottis media is known as :

Otitis media (printed 'Ottis media') is a middle ear infection.The name comes from otitis, inflammation of the ear, and media, middle. It is common in young children because their Eustachian tubes are short and horizontal, so infection from the throat reaches the middle ear easily; it causes ear pain and fever and can affect hearing.A stomach infection is gastroenteritis and a chest infection is bronchitis or pneumonia, and 'children media' is a distractor playing on the word 'media'.

Q: Biological ageing :

Biological ageing is an estimate of the individual's position with respect to her or his potential life span.Developmental psychologists separate several kinds of age. Biological age reflects how far the body has aged in relation to its potential life span, so a person may be biologically older or younger than the calendar suggests.The number of years since birth is chronological age, capacity to adapt is psychological age, and the social rules and expectations attached to age describe social age.

Q: Erikson used the term 'Distantiation' to describe :

Distantiation is the readiness all of us have to distance ourselves from others when we feel threatened by their behaviour.Erikson used the term in his account of young adulthood (intimacy versus isolation). Alongside the capacity for intimacy, people develop a readiness to repudiate, isolate and if necessary destroy forces and people whose essence seems dangerous to their own.The other options take the word literally. It is not conversational distance, not separation from the family of origin, and not the time between developmental stages.

Q: The following period of exploration individual's commitment to values, beliefs and goals is :

Commitment following a period of exploration is identity achievement.In James Marcia's identity status model, two dimensions matter: whether the person has explored alternatives (crisis) and whether they have made commitments. Identity achievement is exploration followed by firm commitment to values, beliefs and goals.Moratorium is exploration still in progress without commitment, foreclosure is commitment without exploration (often adopting parents' values), and diffusion is neither exploring nor committed.

Q: One of the following does not include the Acts of Child Labour :

The one that is not a child labour law is Offences of Harassment under Protection from Harassment Act (1997).The Protection from Harassment Act 1997 is a law of the United Kingdom dealing with stalking and harassment generally. It has nothing to do with child labour in India.The other three are among the Indian laws that regulate child labour. The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 bans children from hazardous work, the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 punishes the exploitation of child employees, and the Mines Act, 1952 prohibits employing children in mines.

Q: The type of hormonal changes typically experienced by middle aged men :

The key's answer is psychological adjustment to declining physical energy.Unlike women at menopause, men in middle age do not experience a sudden hormonal change. Testosterone declines slowly, about one percent a year from early adulthood, and most men can still father children. The 'male climacteric' is therefore described in textbooks mainly as a period of psychological adjustment to declining energy, strength and sexual vigour.A dramatic drop in testosterone and inability to father a child are wrong for typical men, and increased appetite is not a characteristic hormonal change of middle age.

Q: What does the acronym "Pocso" stand for ?

POCSO stands for Protection of Children from Sexual Offences.The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 protects every person under 18 from sexual assault, harassment and pornography. It is gender-neutral, provides child-friendly procedures for reporting and trial, and sets up special courts.The other options imitate the letters of the acronym with words such as 'sedentary offers' and 'socialization', but they are not the name of any law.

Q: Role play forms an example for :

Role play is an example of an expressive technique.Projective techniques in research are commonly grouped as association, completion, construction and expressive techniques. In expressive techniques the respondent acts out or expresses feelings, as in role playing, psychodrama or puppetry, and reveals attitudes through the way the role is played.Association techniques ask for the first word or image that comes to mind, completion techniques ask the respondent to finish a sentence or story, and construction techniques ask for a story or picture to be made up, as in the Thematic Apperception Test.

41.

Gifts and occupations are used to guide and structure play :

A.Head Start
B.Froebel's Philosophy
C.Constructivist Approach
D.Reggio Emilio Approach

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: B

Gifts and occupations belong to Froebel's philosophy.

Friedrich Froebel, founder of the kindergarten, designed the 'gifts' (balls, wooden blocks, cylinders and other shapes) and the 'occupations' (activities such as paper folding, weaving, sewing and clay modelling) to guide children's play toward understanding form, number and the unity of nature.

Head Start is an American compensatory programme, the constructivist approach follows Piaget's ideas of active learning, and the Reggio Emilia approach builds on children's projects and the 'hundred languages' of expression, not on Froebel's gifts.

Discuss in Forum

42.

The Waldorf educational approach emphasizes balanced development of :

A.Head and Heart
B.Heart and Hands
C.Head and Hands
D.Head, Heart and Hands

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: D

Waldorf education emphasises balanced development of head, heart and hands.

Founded by Rudolf Steiner in 1919, Waldorf schools aim to educate the whole child: thinking (head), feeling (heart) and willing or doing (hands). Academic work is joined with art, music, movement, crafts and practical work.

Each of the other options names only two of the three, leaving out one part of the whole-child aim.

Discuss in Forum

43.

Ottis media is known as :

A.Stomach infection
B.Middle ear infection
C.Children media
D.Chest infection

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: B

Otitis media (printed 'Ottis media') is a middle ear infection.

The name comes from otitis, inflammation of the ear, and media, middle. It is common in young children because their Eustachian tubes are short and horizontal, so infection from the throat reaches the middle ear easily; it causes ear pain and fever and can affect hearing.

A stomach infection is gastroenteritis and a chest infection is bronchitis or pneumonia, and 'children media' is a distractor playing on the word 'media'.

Discuss in Forum

44.

Biological ageing :

A.Is an estimate of the individual's position with respect to her or his potential life span
B.Is number of years that have elapsed since a person's birth
C.Refers to individuals adaptive capacities
D.Refers to social rules and expectations people hold for themselves as well as those others impose on them

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: A

Biological ageing is an estimate of the individual's position with respect to her or his potential life span.

Developmental psychologists separate several kinds of age. Biological age reflects how far the body has aged in relation to its potential life span, so a person may be biologically older or younger than the calendar suggests.

The number of years since birth is chronological age, capacity to adapt is psychological age, and the social rules and expectations attached to age describe social age.

Discuss in Forum

45.

Erikson used the term 'Distantiation' to describe :

A.Distance we keep between ourselves and others during personal conversation
B.Our ability to distance ourselves from our family of origin
C.The time we need to progress between one developmental state to the next
D.The readiness all of us have to distance ourselves from others when we feel threatened by their behaviour

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: D

Distantiation is the readiness all of us have to distance ourselves from others when we feel threatened by their behaviour.

Erikson used the term in his account of young adulthood (intimacy versus isolation). Alongside the capacity for intimacy, people develop a readiness to repudiate, isolate and if necessary destroy forces and people whose essence seems dangerous to their own.

The other options take the word literally. It is not conversational distance, not separation from the family of origin, and not the time between developmental stages.

Discuss in Forum

46.

The following period of exploration individual's commitment to values, beliefs and goals is :

A.Identity achievement
B.Identity moratorium
C.Identity foreclosure
D.Identity diffusion

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: A

Commitment following a period of exploration is identity achievement.

In James Marcia's identity status model, two dimensions matter: whether the person has explored alternatives (crisis) and whether they have made commitments. Identity achievement is exploration followed by firm commitment to values, beliefs and goals.

Moratorium is exploration still in progress without commitment, foreclosure is commitment without exploration (often adopting parents' values), and diffusion is neither exploring nor committed.

Discuss in Forum

47.

One of the following does not include the Acts of Child Labour :

A.Child Labour Prohibition and Regulation Act (1986)
B.Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Children Act (2000)
C.Offences of Harassment under Protection from Harassment Act (1997)
D.The Mines Act (1952)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: C

The one that is not a child labour law is Offences of Harassment under Protection from Harassment Act (1997).

The Protection from Harassment Act 1997 is a law of the United Kingdom dealing with stalking and harassment generally. It has nothing to do with child labour in India.

The other three are among the Indian laws that regulate child labour. The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 bans children from hazardous work, the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 punishes the exploitation of child employees, and the Mines Act, 1952 prohibits employing children in mines.

Discuss in Forum

48.

The type of hormonal changes typically experienced by middle aged men :

A.A dramatic drop in testosterone
B.Increase in appetite
C.Unable to father a child
D.Psychological adjustment to declining physical energy

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: D

The key's answer is psychological adjustment to declining physical energy.

Unlike women at menopause, men in middle age do not experience a sudden hormonal change. Testosterone declines slowly, about one percent a year from early adulthood, and most men can still father children. The 'male climacteric' is therefore described in textbooks mainly as a period of psychological adjustment to declining energy, strength and sexual vigour.

A dramatic drop in testosterone and inability to father a child are wrong for typical men, and increased appetite is not a characteristic hormonal change of middle age.

Discuss in Forum

49.

What does the acronym "Pocso" stand for ?

A.Permitting children for socialization
B.Protection of children from sedentary offers
C.Protection of children from sexual offences
D.Provision of children for sexual offence

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: C

POCSO stands for Protection of Children from Sexual Offences.

The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 protects every person under 18 from sexual assault, harassment and pornography. It is gender-neutral, provides child-friendly procedures for reporting and trial, and sets up special courts.

The other options imitate the letters of the acronym with words such as 'sedentary offers' and 'socialization', but they are not the name of any law.

Discuss in Forum

50.

Role play forms an example for :

A.Expressive technique
B.Association technique
C.Constructive technique
D.Completion technique

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: A

Role play is an example of an expressive technique.

Projective techniques in research are commonly grouped as association, completion, construction and expressive techniques. In expressive techniques the respondent acts out or expresses feelings, as in role playing, psychodrama or puppetry, and reveals attitudes through the way the role is played.

Association techniques ask for the first word or image that comes to mind, completion techniques ask the respondent to finish a sentence or story, and construction techniques ask for a story or picture to be made up, as in the Thematic Apperception Test.

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