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Human Development and Interventions Questions and Answers

61.

Which of the following is NOT a primary symptom of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

Aggression is not a primary symptom of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The primary symptoms are inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. ADHD is described by inattention and by hyperactivity-impulsivity. Aggression may accompany it, but it is not one of the core symptoms in diagnostic criteria.

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62.

Which of the following is NOT considered by Humanistic Psychotherapy?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

Hidden conflicts are not considered by humanistic psychotherapy, which attends to subjective and conscious experiences and the sense of self. Hidden conflicts are the concern of psychodynamic therapy. Humanistic therapies, such as Rogers's, study what the person is experiencing now and how the person sees himself or herself, whereas hidden or unconscious conflicts are the focus of psychoanalysis.

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63.

Which of the following is NOT a stage of Berne's theory of transactional analysis?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

Peer ego state is not a stage in Berne's transactional analysis. The ego states are Parent, Adult and Child. Berne's three ego states are Parent, Adult and Child, and a transaction is an exchange between two persons' ego states, so peer ego state does not exist in the model.

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64.

Due to which of the following tendencies of a young child can he focus only on one feature of an object while ignoring other relevant features?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

Centration is the tendency of a young child to focus on only one feature of an object and ignore others, as in Piaget's preoperational stage. Conservation is the understanding that quantity stays the same, irreversibility is the inability to reverse an operation, and object permanence is knowing an object exists out of sight.

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65.

As per Lawrence Kohlberg, at which level of moral development do children not have a personal code of morality, and instead moral decisions are shaped by the standards of adults and the consequences of following or breaking their rules?
(For example, a child takes money from a parent’s wallet and does not get caught, so he does not see that action as wrong.)

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

At the pre-conventional level of Kohlberg's theory, children do not have a personal code of morality and judge actions by the standards of adults and the consequences, for example punishment. Conventional morality follows social rules, post-conventional morality follows principles, and immaturity is not one of Kohlberg's levels. At the pre-conventional level, in stages 1 and 2 of Kohlberg's scheme, right and wrong are judged by punishment and reward; in the example, because the child is not caught, he sees no wrong.

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66.

Which of the following does NOT come under dissociative disorder?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

A mood disorder does not come under the dissociative disorders. Psychogenic amnesia, psychogenic fugue and dissociative identity disorder are all dissociative disorders, in which memory, identity or consciousness is disrupted, whereas mood disorders such as depression and mania concern emotion. Dissociative disorders involve a break in awareness of memory, identity or surroundings, whereas the mood disorders are disorders of emotion, such as major depression and bipolar disorder.

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67.

Which of the following is NOT a main symptom of schizophrenia?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

Sleep disturbances are not a main symptom of schizophrenia. Its main symptoms are positive ones such as hallucinations and false beliefs (delusions), and negative ones such as flat affect (reduced emotional expression). Sleep problems may occur but are not among the defining symptoms. Negative symptoms are the loss or reduction of normal functions, such as flat affect and loss of motivation; positive symptoms are additions such as hallucinations and delusions.

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68.

Which of the following factors is NOT responsible for learning disabilities?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

Economic conditions are not a direct cause of learning disabilities. Drugs taken during pregnancy, prenatal risks and genetics are recognised causes, whereas economic conditions may affect access to schooling and care but are not a biological cause of learning disabilities. Learning disabilities are explained by factors in the brain and the body, such as genes, prenatal damage and exposure to drugs or toxins, and not by the family's economic position alone.

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69.

In which of the following phobias does a person frequently feel fear of objects or particular situations or events?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

A specific phobia is a persistent fear of a particular object, situation or event. Claustrophobia (closed spaces) and acrophobia (heights) are examples of specific phobias, and agoraphobia is fear of open or crowded places, so none of those names is the general category the question describes. In DSM-5 the specific phobia is a fear of a particular object or situation that is out of proportion to the danger, lasts for six months or more and causes distress.

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70.

Which of the following is NOT a sign/symptom of a panic attack?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

Tension is not a sign or symptom of a panic attack in the list. A panic attack typically brings a racing heart, rapid breathing and dizziness, with sudden intense fear. Tension is a general state of feeling strained rather than one of its signature physical symptoms. A panic attack is a sudden surge of intense fear with symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, shortness of breath, trembling and dizziness, and it usually peaks within minutes.

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