ICT Fundamentals for Libraries Questions and Answers

Q: Web Crawler is also called as ........... .

A web crawler is also called a Web Spider.A crawler is a program that browses the web automatically, following links from page to page and collecting pages for a search engine's index. Because it 'crawls' through the web of links, it is also called a spider or bot (Googlebot is an example).A link directory is a human-edited list of links, a web manager administers a site, and search engine optimisation is a practice of improving a site's ranking, not a program that collects pages.

Q: Which of the following communication modes supports two-way traffic but in only one direction at a time ?

The mode is Half Duplex.In half-duplex communication, data can flow in both directions, but only one direction at a time; the parties take turns, as with a walkie-talkie.Simplex allows transmission in one direction only, as in broadcast radio or a keyboard to a computer. Full duplex allows both directions at the same time, as in a telephone call. 'Three quarter duplex' is not a recognised mode.

Q: The Mobile Application Protocol (MAP) typically runs on top of which protocol ?

MAP runs on top of SS7.The Mobile Application Part (MAP), the paper's 'Mobile Application Protocol', is the GSM and UMTS protocol used between core network elements such as the home and visitor location registers for roaming, authentication, SMS and location updates. It is an application layer protocol of the Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) stack.SNMP is for network management, SMTP for e-mail and HTTP for the web; all belong to the internet protocol suite rather than the telephone signalling network on which MAP runs.

Q: Which "V" of Big Data is concerned with the integrity of Data ?

The V concerned with integrity is Veracity.Big data is described by several Vs: volume (amount of data), velocity (speed of generation and processing), variety (types and formats), veracity (accuracy, trustworthiness and integrity) and often value. Veracity asks whether the data can be trusted, given noise, bias and inconsistency.Volume, velocity and variety describe size, speed and diversity, not whether the data are reliable.

Q: Which of the components are covered in "LAMP" ?(i) LINUX(ii) Apache(iii) MYSQL(iv) Python

The components in LAMP are (i), (ii) & (iii): Linux, Apache and MySQL.LAMP is the open-source web platform made up of Linux (operating system), Apache (web server), MySQL (database) and a P language: PHP, Perl or Python. Library software such as Koha and many digital library tools run on this stack.Python can fill the P, but the stack cannot be named without MySQL, the M. Option A is the only one that contains Linux, Apache and MySQL together; the others each leave out one of these core components.

Q: Assertion (A) : Facebook can be used as marketing tool by librarians.Reason (R) : Libraries can open Facebook pages.

Both (A) and (R) are true.Facebook lets libraries reach users where they already spend time. Librarians use it to announce new arrivals, events and services, answer questions and gather feedback, so it serves as a marketing tool, as statement A says.Statement R is also true: libraries can create their own Facebook pages, which is how they do this marketing. Since neither statement is false, the options calling A or R false are wrong.

Q: Assertion (A) : SMS is a web 2.0 tool.Reason (R) : Libraries use it as a reference service tool.

The key gives Both (A) and (R) are true.The library literature on Library 2.0 lists SMS (text messaging) among the interactive tools libraries use to reach users, alongside blogs, wikis, RSS and social networks, and the key follows that usage in accepting statement A. Strictly, SMS is a mobile messaging service that predates the web, but in library practice it is grouped with these tools because it supports two-way contact with users.Statement R is true: many libraries run SMS reference services, in which users text a question and receive a short reply. On the key's reading both statements are true, which rules out the other options.

Q: Arrange the following Internet based facilities in the chronological order :(i) Google(ii) Hotmail(iii) Facebook(iv) WhatsApp

The order is (ii) (i) (iii) (iv): Hotmail, Google, Facebook, WhatsApp.Hotmail, one of the first free web-based e-mail services: launched in 1996.Google search: founded in 1998.Facebook: launched in 2004.WhatsApp: launched in 2009.The trap is Google: it is so dominant that it is easy to assume it came first, but Hotmail was two years older. The options that start with Google or end with Google ignore this.

Q: Assertion (A) : Li-fi can be used more effectively in a dense environment.Reason (R) : Li-fi uses ultraviolate, infrared and visible light communication

Both (A) and (R) are true.Li-Fi transmits data by rapidly modulating light. Light does not pass through walls and does not interfere with radio signals, so many Li-Fi cells can work close together without interfering, which makes it effective in dense environments such as offices, hospitals and aircraft cabins. So A is true.R is also true: Li-Fi uses visible light, and also infrared and near-ultraviolet light, for communication. The paper spells ultraviolet as 'ultraviolate'. Since neither statement is false, the other three options are wrong.

51.

Web Crawler is also called as ........... .

A.Link Directory
B.Web Spider
C.Web Manager
D.Search Optimizer

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: B

A web crawler is also called a Web Spider.

A crawler is a program that browses the web automatically, following links from page to page and collecting pages for a search engine's index. Because it 'crawls' through the web of links, it is also called a spider or bot (Googlebot is an example).

A link directory is a human-edited list of links, a web manager administers a site, and search engine optimisation is a practice of improving a site's ranking, not a program that collects pages.

Discuss in Forum

52.

Which of the following communication modes supports two-way traffic but in only one direction at a time ?

A.Simplex
B.Full Duplex
C.Half Duplex
D.Three Quarter Duplex

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: C

The mode is Half Duplex.

In half-duplex communication, data can flow in both directions, but only one direction at a time; the parties take turns, as with a walkie-talkie.

Simplex allows transmission in one direction only, as in broadcast radio or a keyboard to a computer. Full duplex allows both directions at the same time, as in a telephone call. 'Three quarter duplex' is not a recognised mode.

Discuss in Forum

53.

The Mobile Application Protocol (MAP) typically runs on top of which protocol ?

A.SNMP
B.SMTP
C.SS7
D.HTTP

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: C

MAP runs on top of SS7.

The Mobile Application Part (MAP), the paper's 'Mobile Application Protocol', is the GSM and UMTS protocol used between core network elements such as the home and visitor location registers for roaming, authentication, SMS and location updates. It is an application layer protocol of the Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) stack.

SNMP is for network management, SMTP for e-mail and HTTP for the web; all belong to the internet protocol suite rather than the telephone signalling network on which MAP runs.

Discuss in Forum

54.

Which "V" of Big Data is concerned with the integrity of Data ?

A.Volume
B.Velocity
C.Variety
D.Veracity

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: D

The V concerned with integrity is Veracity.

Big data is described by several Vs: volume (amount of data), velocity (speed of generation and processing), variety (types and formats), veracity (accuracy, trustworthiness and integrity) and often value. Veracity asks whether the data can be trusted, given noise, bias and inconsistency.

Volume, velocity and variety describe size, speed and diversity, not whether the data are reliable.

Discuss in Forum

55.

Which of the components are covered in "LAMP" ?

(i) LINUX
(ii) Apache
(iii) MYSQL
(iv) Python

A.(i), (ii) & (iii) are correct
B.(ii), (iii) & (iv) are correct
C.(i), (iii) & (iv) are correct
D.(i), (ii) & (iv) are correct

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: A

The components in LAMP are (i), (ii) & (iii): Linux, Apache and MySQL.

LAMP is the open-source web platform made up of Linux (operating system), Apache (web server), MySQL (database) and a P language: PHP, Perl or Python. Library software such as Koha and many digital library tools run on this stack.

Python can fill the P, but the stack cannot be named without MySQL, the M. Option A is the only one that contains Linux, Apache and MySQL together; the others each leave out one of these core components.

Discuss in Forum

56.

The following are academic social networking forums :

(i) Facebook
(ii) Research Gate
(iii) Tumblr
(iv) Google Scholar

A.(i) and (ii) are correct
B.(i) and (iv) are correct
C.(ii) and (iv) are correct
D.(i) and (iii) are correct

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: C

The academic forums are ResearchGate and Google Scholar, so the answer is (ii) and (iv) are correct.

ResearchGate is a social networking site for researchers to share papers, ask questions and follow colleagues. Google Scholar, through its citation profiles, lets scholars publish lists of their work and follow citations to it. Both are built around academic output.

Facebook and Tumblr are general social media and blogging platforms for anyone, not academic networking forums, so options containing i or iii are wrong.

Discuss in Forum

57.

Assertion (A) : Facebook can be used as marketing tool by librarians.
Reason (R) : Libraries can open Facebook pages.

A.Both (A) and (R) are true
B.Both (A) and (R) are false
C.(A) is true but (R) is false
D.(A) is false but (R) is true

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: A

Both (A) and (R) are true.

Facebook lets libraries reach users where they already spend time. Librarians use it to announce new arrivals, events and services, answer questions and gather feedback, so it serves as a marketing tool, as statement A says.

Statement R is also true: libraries can create their own Facebook pages, which is how they do this marketing. Since neither statement is false, the options calling A or R false are wrong.

Discuss in Forum

58.

Assertion (A) : SMS is a web 2.0 tool.
Reason (R) : Libraries use it as a reference service tool.

A.Both (A) and (R) are true
B.Both (A) and (R) are false
C.(A) is true but (R) is false
D.(A) is false but (R) is true

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: A

The key gives Both (A) and (R) are true.

The library literature on Library 2.0 lists SMS (text messaging) among the interactive tools libraries use to reach users, alongside blogs, wikis, RSS and social networks, and the key follows that usage in accepting statement A. Strictly, SMS is a mobile messaging service that predates the web, but in library practice it is grouped with these tools because it supports two-way contact with users.

Statement R is true: many libraries run SMS reference services, in which users text a question and receive a short reply. On the key's reading both statements are true, which rules out the other options.

Discuss in Forum

59.

Arrange the following Internet based facilities in the chronological order :

(i) Google
(ii) Hotmail
(iii) Facebook
(iv) WhatsApp

A.(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
B.(ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
C.(ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
D.(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: B

The order is (ii) (i) (iii) (iv): Hotmail, Google, Facebook, WhatsApp.

Hotmail, one of the first free web-based e-mail services: launched in 1996.
Google search: founded in 1998.
Facebook: launched in 2004.
WhatsApp: launched in 2009.

The trap is Google: it is so dominant that it is easy to assume it came first, but Hotmail was two years older. The options that start with Google or end with Google ignore this.

Discuss in Forum

60.

Assertion (A) : Li-fi can be used more effectively in a dense environment.
Reason (R) : Li-fi uses ultraviolate, infrared and visible light communication

A.Both (A) and (R) are true
B.Both (A) and (R) are false
C.(A) is true but (R) is false
D.(A) is false but (R) is true

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: A

Both (A) and (R) are true.

Li-Fi transmits data by rapidly modulating light. Light does not pass through walls and does not interfere with radio signals, so many Li-Fi cells can work close together without interfering, which makes it effective in dense environments such as offices, hospitals and aircraft cabins. So A is true.

R is also true: Li-Fi uses visible light, and also infrared and near-ultraviolet light, for communication. The paper spells ultraviolet as 'ultraviolate'. Since neither statement is false, the other three options are wrong.

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