World History Questions and Answers

Q: Consider the following pairs:IdeasIdeology1. NATOCapitalism2. SEATOCommunism3. NAMNeo-Colonialism4. AUTARKYInternational TradeWhich of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Only the first pair is correctly matched, so the answer is 1 only.NATO (1949) was the Western alliance of capitalist democracies led by the United States, so pairing it with capitalism is correct.The other three pairs are wrong. SEATO (1954) was an alliance formed to contain communism in South-East Asia. The Non-Aligned Movement opposed colonialism and neo-colonialism rather than standing for it. Autarky means economic self-sufficiency, the opposite of dependence on international trade.

Q: Consider the following statements:1. The process of victory of anti-colonial struggles and achievement of freedom by colonies came to be known as decolonisation.2. These struggles were won only by means of force and violence.3. Anti-colonial struggles achieved their first success in Africa and then in Asia.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Only the first statement is correct, so the answer is 1 only.Statement 1 gives the standard definition: decolonisation is the process by which anti-colonial struggles succeeded and colonies won their freedom.Statement 2 is wrong: many struggles were won largely by peaceful mass movements and negotiation, India's being the leading example, though some, such as Algeria's and Vietnam's, involved long wars. Statement 3 reverses the order: the first major successes came in Asia, with India, Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka and Indonesia in the late 1940s, and most African countries became independent in the late 1950s and 1960s.

Q: Consider the following statements:1. The International Labour Organization (ILO) was established after the 1st World War to secure social justice.2. The ILO was part of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.3. The ILO became the first specialised agency of the UN in 1946.4. India is a founder-member of the ILO.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

All four statements are correct, so the answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4.The ILO was set up in 1919, after the First World War, on the principle that lasting peace depends on social justice.Its constitution formed Part XIII of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.In 1946 it became the first specialised agency of the newly formed United Nations.India was a founder member in 1919, even though it was still a British colony.Since every statement is true, each narrower option leaves out at least one correct statement.

Q: With reference to the consequences of the Industrial Revolution, which of the following statements is/are correct?1. Subjugation of agricultural countries of the world2. Increased unautomated production3. Rise in per capita income.Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Statements 1 and 3 are correct, so the answer is 1 and 3 only.The Industrial Revolution led industrial nations to seek raw materials and markets abroad, which drove the subjugation of agricultural countries as colonies. Over time, factory production also raised output per person, so per capita income rose in the industrialised countries.Statement 2 is the reverse of what happened. The Industrial Revolution replaced hand production with machine production in factories, so it increased mechanised, not unautomated, production. That rules out every option that includes statement 2.

Q: With reference to the Industrial Revolution in England, which one of the following statements is correct?

The correct statement is Manufacturing methods also changed the methods of agriculture.The machines and techniques of the Industrial Revolution spread to farming: seed drills, iron ploughs, threshing machines and later reapers made agriculture more productive, and the factories needed a steady supply of food and raw materials such as wool.The guild system restricted production and competition, so it held industrialisation back rather than promoting it. Greater production was the result of the factory system, not the cause of its end. Since one statement is correct, 'None of the above' fails.

Q: With reference to the politico-economic theory of Communism, which one of the following statements is not correct?

The statement that is not correct is Karl Marx showed that the material bases of life never determine the nature of society.Marx's historical materialism says the opposite: the material base of a society, its forces and relations of production, determines its nature, including its laws, politics and ideas.The other three statements are standard parts of Marxist theory. Marx presented his ideas as a scientific analysis of history. He held that socialism could come only after capitalism had developed. And he argued that capitalism creates the conditions for its own overthrow, by creating a large working class.

Q: With reference to colonization, which one of the following statements is NOT correct?

The statement that is not correct is In colonial India, agriculture had no capitalist element.Colonial rule commercialised Indian agriculture. Cash crops such as indigo, cotton, jute, opium, tea and coffee were grown for the market and for export, and plantations were run as capitalist enterprises with wage labour. So agriculture did have a capitalist element.The first two statements are correct: imperialism as an ideology justifies conquest and domination, and colonial economies are often described as dualistic, with a modern capitalist sector beside a traditional one. Since one statement is not correct, 'None of the above' fails.

Q: With reference to the resolution on Partition Plan of Palestine State of 1947, which one of the following statements is correct?

The correct statement is After this resolution, a civil war broke out and the plan was not implemented.The UN General Assembly adopted Resolution 181 in November 1947, recommending the partition of Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state with Jerusalem under international control. Fighting broke out between the two communities almost at once, Israel declared independence in May 1948, and the Arab state the plan proposed was never formed.Palestine was under a British mandate after the First World War, not a French one. The partition plan was recommended by the UN Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP), not by the United States. So 'All the statements are correct' also fails.

Q: Consider the following pairs :InventionsInventers1) Flying ShuttleJohn Key2) Spinning JennyEly Whitney3) Automatic LoomEdmund CartwrightWhich of the pairs given above is correctly matched ?

Pairs 1 and 3 are correct, so the answer is 1 and 3 only.The flying shuttle was invented by John Kay (spelt 'John Key' in the paper) in 1733, and the power loom by Edmund Cartwright in 1785.The spinning jenny was invented by James Hargreaves around 1764. Eli Whitney ('Ely Whitney') invented the cotton gin in 1793, so pair 2 is wrong and every option that includes it is wrong.

Q: Which one of the following is not a treaty drafted to make the peace of Paris (1919-20) ?

The odd one out is the Treaty of Brest Litovsk.Brest-Litovsk was signed in March 1918 between Soviet Russia and the Central Powers, taking Russia out of the First World War. It was made before the war ended and was annulled by the Armistice.The Paris Peace Conference of 1919-20 produced a treaty with each defeated power: Versailles with Germany, Saint-Germain with Austria, Neuilly with Bulgaria, Trianon with Hungary and Sevres with the Ottoman Empire. So Versailles, St. Germain and Sevres all belong to it.

11.

Consider the following pairs:

Ideas	Ideology
1. NATO	Capitalism
2. SEATO	Communism
3. NAM	Neo-Colonialism
4. AUTARKY	International Trade

Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

A.1, 2 and 3 only
B.3 and 4 only
C.1 only
D.2 and 4 only

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: C

Only the first pair is correctly matched, so the answer is 1 only.

NATO (1949) was the Western alliance of capitalist democracies led by the United States, so pairing it with capitalism is correct.

The other three pairs are wrong. SEATO (1954) was an alliance formed to contain communism in South-East Asia. The Non-Aligned Movement opposed colonialism and neo-colonialism rather than standing for it. Autarky means economic self-sufficiency, the opposite of dependence on international trade.

Discuss in Forum

12.

Consider the following statements:

1. The process of victory of anti-colonial struggles and achievement of freedom by colonies came to be known as decolonisation.
2. These struggles were won only by means of force and violence.
3. Anti-colonial struggles achieved their first success in Africa and then in Asia.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A.1 and 2 only
B.1 only
C.1 and 3 only
D.1, 2 and 3

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: B

Only the first statement is correct, so the answer is 1 only.

Statement 1 gives the standard definition: decolonisation is the process by which anti-colonial struggles succeeded and colonies won their freedom.

Statement 2 is wrong: many struggles were won largely by peaceful mass movements and negotiation, India's being the leading example, though some, such as Algeria's and Vietnam's, involved long wars. Statement 3 reverses the order: the first major successes came in Asia, with India, Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka and Indonesia in the late 1940s, and most African countries became independent in the late 1950s and 1960s.

Discuss in Forum

13.

Consider the following statements:

1. The International Labour Organization (ILO) was established after the 1st World War to secure social justice.
2. The ILO was part of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.
3. The ILO became the first specialised agency of the UN in 1946.
4. India is a founder-member of the ILO.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A.1 and 2 only
B.4 only
C.2, 3 and 4 only
D.1, 2, 3 and 4

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: D

All four statements are correct, so the answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4.

The ILO was set up in 1919, after the First World War, on the principle that lasting peace depends on social justice.
Its constitution formed Part XIII of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.
In 1946 it became the first specialised agency of the newly formed United Nations.
India was a founder member in 1919, even though it was still a British colony.

Since every statement is true, each narrower option leaves out at least one correct statement.

Discuss in Forum

14.

With reference to the consequences of the Industrial Revolution, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Subjugation of agricultural countries of the world
2. Increased unautomated production
3. Rise in per capita income.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

A.1 and 3 only
B.2 only
C.2 and 3 only
D.1, 2 and 3

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: A

Statements 1 and 3 are correct, so the answer is 1 and 3 only.

The Industrial Revolution led industrial nations to seek raw materials and markets abroad, which drove the subjugation of agricultural countries as colonies. Over time, factory production also raised output per person, so per capita income rose in the industrialised countries.

Statement 2 is the reverse of what happened. The Industrial Revolution replaced hand production with machine production in factories, so it increased mechanised, not unautomated, production. That rules out every option that includes statement 2.

Discuss in Forum

15.

With reference to the Industrial Revolution in England, which one of the following statements is correct?

A.Guild System promoted Industrial Revolution.
B.Greater production of goods resulted in end of factory system.
C.Manufacturing methods also changed the methods of agriculture.
D.None of the above.

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: C

The correct statement is Manufacturing methods also changed the methods of agriculture.

The machines and techniques of the Industrial Revolution spread to farming: seed drills, iron ploughs, threshing machines and later reapers made agriculture more productive, and the factories needed a steady supply of food and raw materials such as wool.

The guild system restricted production and competition, so it held industrialisation back rather than promoting it. Greater production was the result of the factory system, not the cause of its end. Since one statement is correct, 'None of the above' fails.

Discuss in Forum

16.

With reference to the politico-economic theory of Communism, which one of the following statements is not correct?

A.Marxist ideas of how to change the world was based on a scientific analysis of society through history.
B.No society can be Socialist before having gone through the stages of Capitalism.
C.Capitalism itself creates the conditions for the overthrow of the capitalist society.
D.Karl Marx showed that the material bases of life never determine the nature of society.

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: D

The statement that is not correct is Karl Marx showed that the material bases of life never determine the nature of society.

Marx's historical materialism says the opposite: the material base of a society, its forces and relations of production, determines its nature, including its laws, politics and ideas.

The other three statements are standard parts of Marxist theory. Marx presented his ideas as a scientific analysis of history. He held that socialism could come only after capitalism had developed. And he argued that capitalism creates the conditions for its own overthrow, by creating a large working class.

Discuss in Forum

17.

With reference to colonization, which one of the following statements is NOT correct?

A.The ideology of Imperialism encourages conquest and colonial domination.
B.Colonialism produces a dualistic society in which one sector is modern and capitalist while another sector is traditional and pre-capitalist.
C.In colonial India, agriculture had no capitalist element.
D.None of the above.

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: C

The statement that is not correct is In colonial India, agriculture had no capitalist element.

Colonial rule commercialised Indian agriculture. Cash crops such as indigo, cotton, jute, opium, tea and coffee were grown for the market and for export, and plantations were run as capitalist enterprises with wage labour. So agriculture did have a capitalist element.

The first two statements are correct: imperialism as an ideology justifies conquest and domination, and colonial economies are often described as dualistic, with a modern capitalist sector beside a traditional one. Since one statement is not correct, 'None of the above' fails.

Discuss in Forum

18.

With reference to the resolution on Partition Plan of Palestine State of 1947, which one of the following statements is correct?

A.Palestine was under French mandate System after the 1st World War.
B.The Plan of Partition was recommended by the U.S.A. in 1947.
C.After this resolution, a civil war broke out and the plan was not implemented.
D.All the statements are correct.

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: C

The correct statement is After this resolution, a civil war broke out and the plan was not implemented.

The UN General Assembly adopted Resolution 181 in November 1947, recommending the partition of Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state with Jerusalem under international control. Fighting broke out between the two communities almost at once, Israel declared independence in May 1948, and the Arab state the plan proposed was never formed.

Palestine was under a British mandate after the First World War, not a French one. The partition plan was recommended by the UN Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP), not by the United States. So 'All the statements are correct' also fails.

Discuss in Forum

19.

Consider the following pairs :

Inventions	Inventers
1) Flying Shuttle	John Key
2) Spinning Jenny	Ely Whitney
3) Automatic Loom	Edmund Cartwright

Which of the pairs given above is correctly matched ?

A.1 only
B.1 and 2 only
C.1 and 3 only
D.2 and 3 only

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: C

Pairs 1 and 3 are correct, so the answer is 1 and 3 only.

The flying shuttle was invented by John Kay (spelt 'John Key' in the paper) in 1733, and the power loom by Edmund Cartwright in 1785.

The spinning jenny was invented by James Hargreaves around 1764. Eli Whitney ('Ely Whitney') invented the cotton gin in 1793, so pair 2 is wrong and every option that includes it is wrong.

Discuss in Forum

20.

Which one of the following is not a treaty drafted to make the peace of Paris (1919-20) ?

A.Treaty of Versailles
B.Treaty at St. Germain
C.Treaty at Sevres
D.Treaty of Brest Litovsk

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: D

The odd one out is the Treaty of Brest Litovsk.

Brest-Litovsk was signed in March 1918 between Soviet Russia and the Central Powers, taking Russia out of the First World War. It was made before the war ended and was annulled by the Armistice.

The Paris Peace Conference of 1919-20 produced a treaty with each defeated power: Versailles with Germany, Saint-Germain with Austria, Neuilly with Bulgaria, Trianon with Hungary and Sevres with the Ottoman Empire. So Versailles, St. Germain and Sevres all belong to it.

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