Sports Management Questions and Answers

Answer: B

The best method of sports administration is Democratic.

Democratic administration involves staff, coaches and athletes in planning and decision-making, delegates responsibility and keeps communication open. This builds cooperation, morale and commitment, which is why physical education texts recommend it.

Autocratic and dictatorial administration concentrate all decisions in one person and suppress initiative. Laissez-faire administration gives almost no direction, so programmes drift without coordination.

Answer: A

Overlapping of authority is against the principles of organization.

Sound organisation requires a clear definition of who is responsible for what, unity of command and a clear line of authority. When the authority of two persons or departments overlaps, it causes confusion, conflict and duplication of work, and no one can be held accountable.

Proper decentralisation, delegation of power and proper communication are all principles of good organisation, so they are not against it.

Answer: A

The apex body is the Sports Authority of India (SAI).

SAI was set up in 1984 by the Government of India as the national body for the promotion of sports and the development of sporting excellence. It runs training centres and schemes across the country and manages the national institutes, including the one at Patiala.

LNCPE (Thiruvananthapuram) and NSNIS (the Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports, Patiala) are institutions working under SAI, not the apex body. NCTE is the National Council for Teacher Education, which regulates teacher-training courses, including physical education courses, but does not promote sports.

Answer: D

A supervisor should use authority minimally.

Modern supervision is democratic and educational: its aim is to help and improve the teacher, not to inspect and command. A good supervisor achieves objectives through inspiration, incentives and assurance, which build cooperation and willing effort. Authority is kept in reserve and used as little as possible, because its heavy use breeds resentment and mere compliance.

Inspiration, incentive and assurance are the means a supervisor should rely on, so they are not the ones to minimise.

Answer: A

The essence of management is coordination.

Management brings together people, money, materials and methods to achieve common objectives. Writers such as Koontz and O'Donnell describe coordination, the harmonising of individual and group efforts towards those objectives, as the essence of management, because every managerial function, from planning to controlling, serves to coordinate.

Cooperation is the willingness of people to work together, which management must secure but which is not the same as deliberately harmonising effort. Coexistence and co-action describe merely being or acting alongside each other.

Answer: A

The code is a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4.

• Intramural programmes are organised competition within the walls of one institution.
• Finance involves budgeting and the reappropriation of funds from one head to another.
• Supervision is carried out through visitation of classes and programmes.
• Infrastructure planning concerns the layout of grounds and facilities.

Options B, C and D each pair intramurals with something other than competition, so only A is correct.

Answer: D

The key issue covers all of the above.

Reviews of Indian sports governance, including the National Sports Development Code of 2011 and court cases on federation elections, have repeatedly pointed to the same problems in national sports federations: unclear objectives, lack of financial transparency and long-term strategy, and narrow or unrepresentative composition with poor internal operation.

Each of the first three options names one of these problems, but none of them alone is the whole issue, so the inclusive option is keyed.

Answer: C

The process is planning.

Planning is the first function of management: deciding in advance what is to be done, how, when and by whom. It involves setting objectives and developing strategies and programmes to achieve them, anticipating problems and preparing the course of action that makes later activity possible.

Organisation arranges people and resources to carry out the plan, administration directs and controls operations, and management is the overall process that includes planning among its functions.

Answer: D

The answer is None of the above.

Byes in a round robin work differently from a knockout. With an odd number of teams, one team must sit out each round, so with 11 teams there are 11 rounds and each team gets exactly one bye: 11 byes in all, one per team.

The figures 15, 6 and 8 do not arise. 15 would be the number of byes in a knockout of 17 teams, and 5 byes (not 6 or 8) would be needed to bring 11 teams up to 16 in a knockout draw, so none of the listed numbers is correct.

Answer: B

Geographical and climatic conditions matter most when planning outdoor activities.

Outdoor activities such as athletics, field games, hiking and camping are directly exposed to the terrain and weather. Planners must consider heat, cold, rain, altitude and the nature of the ground when choosing activities, scheduling them and providing for safety.

Indoor activities take place in a controlled environment, so climate affects them far less. Children's and older people's activities are defined by the participants' age, not by whether climate is a deciding factor.