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Comparative Political Analysis Questions and Answers

61.

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The official key marks the first pair as the one not correctly matched. Lucian Pye is best known for work on political development, political culture and communications, and he is the weakest fit with the label Modernisation Theory, while the other three are standard associations.

Wallerstein with World System Theory is correct, as he developed it in The Modern World-System. Theda Skocpol with New Institutionalism is accepted as her state-centred and historical institutional approach. Karl Deutsch with Communications Theory is correct, as in The Nerves of Government he treated politics as a flow of information.

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62.

The concept of civic culture developed out of a survey of

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The concept of civic culture came from a survey of the U.S.A., the U.K., Mexico, Germany and Italy. Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba carried out the five-nation study reported in The Civic Culture (1963) and used it to compare participant, subject and parochial orientations.

The first list, with India and Pakistan, is wrong because neither was in the study. The third list, with Australia, Pakistan and India, is wrong for the same reason. The fourth, with Australia, Canada and France, is wrong because none of those three was surveyed. Only the second list names the five countries studied.

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63.

Unequal exchange is the formulation of

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

Unequal exchange is the formulation of Samir Amin. He argued that trade between the developed centre and the underdeveloped periphery is unequal because low wages in the periphery transfer value to the centre, a theme he developed in Accumulation on a World Scale and Unequal Development.

Amartya Sen is wrong because he is known for the capability approach and work on famines. Paul Sweezy is wrong because he is a Marxian economist known for monopoly capital. Andre Gunder Frank is wrong because he formulated the development of underdevelopment thesis, which is related but is a different formulation.

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64.

Duverger's classification of the party system is derived from the experience of political parties in

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

Duverger's classification of party systems into one-party, two-party and multiparty systems is derived from the experience of political parties in Western Europe. His book Political Parties (1951) studied European parties and their organisation, and his well-known law linking plurality voting and two-party systems also draws on that experience.

All the democracies of the world is wrong because his study was not global. The developing world is wrong because his sample did not centre on it. The communist world is wrong because he treated single-party systems only as one type and did not derive his scheme from them.

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65.

Which of the following statements are correct about the President of America ?

1. He is the head of the State and also the head of the Government.
2. All executive powers are vested in him.
3. He is bound by the advice of his Cabinet.
4. He has the power to dissolve the legislature.
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

Statements 1 and 2 are correct. The American President is both head of State and head of Government, and Article II vests all executive power in him.

Statement 3 is wrong because the President is not bound by the advice of his Cabinet. The Cabinet is advisory and he may overrule it, unlike the Indian or British position. Statement 4 is wrong because the President has no power to dissolve Congress, whose terms are fixed by the Constitution. Options with statement 3 or 4 therefore fail, and only the option listing 1 and 2 is right.

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66.

Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :

List - I (System Theorists)List - II (System)
1. Bertallanfya. a set of elements standing in interaction
2. Hall and Fagenb. a whole which is compounded of many parts
3. Eastonc. a set of objects together with relationships between the objects and their attributes
4. Colin Cherryd. a set of interactions

Codes : a b c d

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The correct matching, read as a to d, is Bertalanffy (1) with a set of elements standing in interaction, Colin Cherry (4) with a whole compounded of many parts, Hall and Fagen (2) with a set of objects together with the relationships between the objects and their attributes, and Easton (3) with a set of interactions. The code is 1 4 2 3.

Option (B) starts with Hall and Fagen for the interaction definition. Option (C) starts with Cherry. Option (D) starts with Easton. Each puts the wrong theorist against the first definition, which is Bertalanffy's.

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67.

Who among the following presents a 'flow model' of political system ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The flow model of the political system is presented by David Easton. In his model demands and supports from the environment enter the political system as inputs, and the system converts them into decisions and policies as outputs, which feed back.

Gabriel Almond is wrong because he gave a structural-functional model of capabilities and functions. Morton Kaplan is wrong because he described systems in international politics. Oran Young is wrong because he wrote on systems theory in international relations.

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68.

Almond borrowed most of the terminology of his approach from

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

Almond borrowed most of the terminology of his approach from Talcott Parsons. His structural-functional approach to comparative politics uses the vocabulary of Parsons' social system theory, including system, structure, function and pattern variables.

Robert K. Merton is wrong because, although he worked on functional analysis, the borrowing is mainly from Parsons. Malinowski is wrong because he is a functionalist in anthropology. Arthur Bentley is wrong because he is the writer on groups, whose influence is on interest group theory.

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69.

Who among the following has connected cultures with civilizations ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

Samuel Huntington connected cultures with civilizations. In The Clash of Civilizations he argues that civilizations are the broadest cultural entities, defined by language, history, religion and customs, and that the main conflicts of the post-Cold War world will arise between them.

Almond and Verba are wrong because they studied civic culture in nations. Lucian Pye is wrong because he studied political culture and development. Edward Shils is wrong because he is known for work on intellectuals and tradition.

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70.

"We are under the Constitution but the Constitution is what the judges say it is". Which of the following countries can this be applicable to ?

1. India
2. America
3. Switzerland
4. Australia
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The words that the Constitution is what the judges say it is were said by Charles Evans Hughes of the United States. They are applicable to India and America, the two countries in which the courts exercise judicial review and so give the constitution its working meaning.

Switzerland is wrong because its Federal Tribunal cannot strike down federal laws. The options that include Switzerland are therefore wrong, and only the one with 1 and 2 is right.

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