Exercise Physiology Questions and Answers

Q: High blood sugar level is controlled by

A high blood sugar level is controlled by insulin.Insulin, secreted by the pancreas, helps cells take up glucose and the liver store it as glycogen, so it lowers blood sugar. Glucose is the sugar itself, and thyroxin and adrenalin tend to raise or mobilise energy and do not bring down the level. People with diabetes have too little insulin or do not respond to it, and so their blood sugar remains high, which is why insulin injections are used to bring the level down.

Q: There are many somatotypes proposed by different authors. Some of such somatotypes areI. PyknicII. AsthenicIII. Phthisic habitusIV. AthleticV. Mesomorph Among them somatotypes suggested by Kretschmer are

The somatotypes suggested by Kretschmer are the athletic, pyknic and asthenic, items IV, I and II.Kretschmer classified body build into pyknic (rounded), asthenic (lean) and athletic (muscular) types. 'Phthisic habitus' is an older term for a slender build and 'mesomorph' belongs to the Sheldon classification, so the codes that include III or V are wrong.

Q: Glucose in the form of Glycogen is stored inI. MusclesII. PancreasIII. LiverIV. StomachSelect the correct answer :Codes :

Glucose is stored as glycogen in the muscles and the liver, statements I and III.The liver stores glycogen to keep blood sugar steady and the muscles store it as fuel for their own work. The pancreas makes insulin and glucagon but does not store glycogen, and the stomach does not either. The glycogen in the liver is released to maintain the blood sugar between meals, while the glycogen in the muscle is used only by that muscle for its own work, so the two stores serve different purposes.

Q: Use the correct code given below : Sequential route of deoxygenated blood is :I. Right AuricleII. LungsIII. Right VentricleIV. Left AuricleCodes :

The route of deoxygenated blood is right auricle, right ventricle, lungs and left auricle, I, III, II, IV.Blood returning from the body enters the right auricle, is pumped by the right ventricle to the lungs, where it receives oxygen, and returns to the left auricle. The codes that put the lungs before the right ventricle skip the pump that drives the blood to them.

91.

Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :

List - I	List - II
I. Systemic circulation	1. Supply of O₂ & Nutrients to all parts
II. Coronary circulation	2. Supply of O₂ & Nutrients to Heart muscle
III. Pulmonary circulation	3. Purification of blood
IV. Renal circulation	4. Separating urine from blood

Codes : I II III IV

A.4 3 2 1
B.2 1 4 3
C.3 4 1 2
D.1 2 3 4

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

The correct matching is systemic circulation with the supply of oxygen and nutrients to all parts, coronary circulation with the supply to the heart muscle, pulmonary circulation with purification of blood, and renal circulation with separating urine from blood. The codes are 1, 2, 3, 4, so the answer is option D.

Systemic circulation serves the whole body, coronary the heart wall, pulmonary the lungs where blood is oxygenated, and renal the kidneys where urine is formed. The other codes swap these functions.

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92.

Select the correct choice : Blood from the right ventricle of the Heart is taken to the lungs for purification by :

A.Hepatic Artery
B.Renal Artery
C.Coronary Artery
D.Pulmonary Artery

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

Blood from the right ventricle is taken to the lungs for purification by the pulmonary artery.

The pulmonary artery is the one artery of the body that carries deoxygenated blood, and it leaves the right ventricle and divides to supply the two lungs. The hepatic artery supplies the liver, the renal artery the kidneys and the coronary arteries the heart muscle itself, so none of them goes to the lungs.

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93.

High blood sugar level is controlled by

A.Glucose
B.Thyroxin
C.Insulin
D.Adrenalin

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

A high blood sugar level is controlled by insulin.

Insulin, secreted by the pancreas, helps cells take up glucose and the liver store it as glycogen, so it lowers blood sugar. Glucose is the sugar itself, and thyroxin and adrenalin tend to raise or mobilise energy and do not bring down the level. People with diabetes have too little insulin or do not respond to it, and so their blood sugar remains high, which is why insulin injections are used to bring the level down.

Discuss in Forum

94.

There are many somatotypes proposed by different authors. Some of such somatotypes are

I. Pyknic
II. Asthenic
III. Phthisic habitus
IV. Athletic
V. Mesomorph Among them somatotypes suggested by Kretschmer are

A.I, II and III
B.II, III and IV
C.III, IV and V
D.IV, I and II

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

The somatotypes suggested by Kretschmer are the athletic, pyknic and asthenic, items IV, I and II.

Kretschmer classified body build into pyknic (rounded), asthenic (lean) and athletic (muscular) types. 'Phthisic habitus' is an older term for a slender build and 'mesomorph' belongs to the Sheldon classification, so the codes that include III or V are wrong.

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95.

Bones in human body are classified on the basis of :

I. Size II. Shape
III. Structure IV. Function
Select the correct answer :
Codes :

A.I & II
B.II & III
C.III & IV
D.IV & I

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

The keyed answer is that bones are classified on the basis of size and shape.

The classification of bones into long, short, flat and irregular is by their shape and size. Structure (compact or spongy) and function (support, protection, movement) are used in other descriptions of bone, but the key takes size and shape as the basis of the classification asked for.

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96.

Glucose in the form of Glycogen is stored in

I. Muscles
II. Pancreas
III. Liver
IV. Stomach
Select the correct answer :
Codes :

A.I and II
B.II and III
C.I and III
D.III and IV

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

Glucose is stored as glycogen in the muscles and the liver, statements I and III.

The liver stores glycogen to keep blood sugar steady and the muscles store it as fuel for their own work. The pancreas makes insulin and glucagon but does not store glycogen, and the stomach does not either. The glycogen in the liver is released to maintain the blood sugar between meals, while the glycogen in the muscle is used only by that muscle for its own work, so the two stores serve different purposes.

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97.

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R) :

Assertion (A) : Growth pattern is a gradual continuous process and follows orderly rhythmic sequence : Reason (R) : Rate and pattern of growth can be modified by internal and external factors. Which one of the following statements is true ?
Codes :

A.Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
B.Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
C.(A) is true, but (R) is false.
D.(A) is false, but (R) is true.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

Both statements are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Growth is gradual and continuous and follows an orderly pattern, and its rate and pattern can be changed by internal and external factors. The second fact does not explain why growth is gradual and orderly, so it is a separate true statement. The orderly pattern of growth means that it proceeds from the head downward and from the centre outward, and the modification mentioned in the reason arises from heredity, nutrition, health and environment, which acts on the same process.

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98.

Use the correct code given below : Sequential route of deoxygenated blood is :

I. Right Auricle
II. Lungs
III. Right Ventricle
IV. Left Auricle
Codes :

A.I II III IV
B.I III II IV
C.IV II I III
D.II I III IV

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The route of deoxygenated blood is right auricle, right ventricle, lungs and left auricle, I, III, II, IV.

Blood returning from the body enters the right auricle, is pumped by the right ventricle to the lungs, where it receives oxygen, and returns to the left auricle. The codes that put the lungs before the right ventricle skip the pump that drives the blood to them.

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99.

Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer from the code given below :

List - I	List - II
I. Femur	1. Longest muscle
II. Sartorius	2. Master gland
III. Liver	3. Longest bone
IV. Pituitary gland	4. Largest gland

Codes : I II III IV

A.1 2 3 4
B.2 3 4 1
C.4 2 1 3
D.3 1 4 2

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

The correct matching is I-3, II-1, III-4, IV-2, the last code.

The femur is the longest bone, the sartorius is the longest muscle, the liver is the largest gland and the pituitary is the master gland. The other codes give the femur or the liver a different role, for example the longest muscle to the femur. These facts are also useful to recall in other settings, since the longest bone, the longest muscle, the largest gland and the master gland are standard facts of human anatomy and physiology.

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100.

Respiratory exchange ratio for carbohydrate is :

A.0.95
B.1.00
C.1.50
D.1.45

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The respiratory exchange ratio for carbohydrate is 1.00, option (B). When carbohydrate is oxidised, the volume of carbon dioxide produced equals the volume of oxygen used, so the ratio of the two is one.

For fat the ratio is about 0.70, and for protein about 0.80. The values 0.95, 1.50 and 1.45 (options A, C and D) are not the figure for carbohydrate, and a ratio over 1.0 is seen only in hyperventilation or very hard exercise.

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