From which generation operating systems were developed?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Third
Operating systems in the modern sense - multiprogramming, time-sharing and job scheduling - belong to the third generation, with IBM’s OS/360 and the time-sharing systems of the late 1960s. Earlier machines had at most a simple batch monitor, and were often run one job at a time by hand.
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Storage capacity of magnetic disk depends on
Answer: D
Correct answer: All of above
Capacity is the product of all three: how closely the tracks are packed across the surface, how densely the bits are written along each track, and how many surfaces the disk pack contains. Improving any one of them increases the total, and the history of the hard disk is largely the history of packing all three more tightly.
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The ALU of a computer responds to the commands coming from
Answer: B
Correct answer: Control section
The control unit fetches and decodes each instruction and then tells the ALU what operation to perform on which operands. The ALU has no decision-making of its own - it responds to the control signals. The two together make the CPU.
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Which type of computers uses the 8-bit code called EBCDIC?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Mainframe computers
EBCDIC is IBM’s 8-bit code, and it belongs to the world of IBM mainframes. Minicomputers, microcomputers and almost everything else settled on ASCII, and later on Unicode.
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Instructions and memory address are represented by
Answer: B
Correct answer: Binary codes
Everything inside the machine - instructions, memory addresses and data alike - is held as binary codes, patterns of 0 and 1, because that is what a two-state electronic circuit can represent. What a given pattern means depends only on how it is used.
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Modern Computers are very reliable but they are not
Answer: C
Correct answer: Infallible
Computers are extremely reliable - they do the same thing every time - but that is not the same as being infallible. A machine given wrong data or a wrong program produces wrong answers with complete consistency, which is what “garbage in, garbage out” means. The fault lies with the input or the program, but the output is wrong all the same.
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A set of flip flops integrated together is called ____
Answer: C
Correct answer: Register
A register is a group of flip-flops holding one word, each flip-flop storing one bit. Adding logic to make them count gives a counter, and adding logic to shift the pattern along gives a shift register - both are registers with something extra.
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In which year did Babbage conceive the Analytical Engine?
Answer: B
Correct answer: 1837
Charles Babbage conceived the Analytical Engine in 1837. It anticipated nearly everything in a modern computer - a mill for arithmetic, a store for numbers, punched-card input, and conditional branching - but it was never built in his lifetime. His earlier Difference Engine dates from the 1820s.
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Today’s computer giant IBM was earlier known by different name which was changed in 1924. What was that name?
Answer: B
Correct answer: Computing Tabulating Recording Co.
IBM began in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, formed by merging three firms - one of them Herman Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine Company, whose punched-card equipment had processed the 1890 United States census. It was renamed International Business Machines in 1924.
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Which statement about a computer program is valid?
Answer: D
Correct answer: Both a & b
A program has to satisfy two readers. The machine must be able to execute it, so it must obey the language’s rules exactly; and the programmer must be able to read it, since it will have to be understood and changed later. The user never sees it - only what it does.
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