Fundamentals Questions and Answers

Q: A physical connection between the microprocessor memory and other parts of the microcomputer is known as

Correct answer: Address busA bus is the set of parallel conductors joining the processor to memory and to the other units. The address bus carries the location being referred to, and its width sets how much memory can be addressed - 16 lines allow 64 KB, 32 lines allow 4 GB. The data bus carries the values themselves and the control bus the timing signals.

Q: Once you load the suitable program and provide required data, a computer needs no human intervention. This feature is known as

Correct answer: AutomaticAutomatic operation is the ability to carry a job through from start to finish once it has been set going - no operator needed between steps. It follows from the stored-program principle: the machine fetches its own next instruction. Accuracy, reliability and versatility are separate qualities.

Q: What type of control pins are needed in a microprocessor to regulate traffic on the bus, in order to prevent two devices from trying to use it at the same time?

Correct answer: Bus arbitrationBus arbitration pins decide which device may drive the bus at any moment, so that two masters never attempt to use it at once. Without arbitration, simultaneous drivers would corrupt the data and could damage the drivers themselves.

Q: Which of the following is used as a primary storage device?

Correct answer: Magnetic drumThe magnetic drum was used as primary storage in early machines - a rotating cylinder with fixed heads, holding the program and data the processor worked on directly. Hard disks, floppies and the rest are secondary storage: the processor cannot execute from them, so their contents must be loaded into main memory first.

Q: The first computer introduced in Nepal was

Correct answer: IBM 1401The IBM 1401 was the first computer brought to Nepal, imported in 1971 (2028 BS) for processing the national census. It was a second-generation transistorised machine and by then already elderly, but it did the work.

Q: A computer is free from tiredness and boredom. This quality is called

Correct answer: DiligenceDiligence is the term for a machine’s ability to perform the same task, hour after hour, without tiring, losing concentration or becoming bored - the millionth calculation is done exactly as carefully as the first. Accuracy is freedom from error, reliability is consistent working, and versatility is the ability to do different kinds of job.

Q: Which generation of computer is still under development?

Correct answer: Fifth GenerationThe fifth generation is the one still being worked towards: machines built round artificial intelligence, natural language, massive parallelism and reasoning rather than mere calculation. The fourth generation, of microprocessors and VLSI, is what we actually use.

Q: Regarding a VDU, which statement is the most complete?

Correct answer: It is a peripheral deviceAll four statements are true, but peripheral device is the one that covers the whole case. A VDU is a terminal - screen for output, keyboard for input - so calling it purely an output device is incomplete, and “hardware item” is true but says nothing useful.

Q: In which year did the UK’s premier computing event, “The Which Computer? Show”, start?

Correct answer: 1980The Which Computer? Show, Britain’s principal computing exhibition through the 1980s, began in 1980 - the moment the microcomputer was arriving in offices and homes.

91.

A physical connection between the microprocessor memory and other parts of the microcomputer is known as

A.Path
B.Address bus
C.Route
D.All of the above

Answer: B

Correct answer: Address bus

A bus is the set of parallel conductors joining the processor to memory and to the other units. The address bus carries the location being referred to, and its width sets how much memory can be addressed - 16 lines allow 64 KB, 32 lines allow 4 GB. The data bus carries the values themselves and the control bus the timing signals.

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92.

Once you load the suitable program and provide required data, a computer needs no human intervention. This feature is known as

A.Accuracy
B.Reliability
C.Versatility
D.Automatic

Answer: D

Correct answer: Automatic

Automatic operation is the ability to carry a job through from start to finish once it has been set going - no operator needed between steps. It follows from the stored-program principle: the machine fetches its own next instruction. Accuracy, reliability and versatility are separate qualities.

Discuss in Forum

93.

What type of control pins are needed in a microprocessor to regulate traffic on the bus, in order to prevent two devices from trying to use it at the same time?

A.Bus control
B.Interrupts
C.Bus arbitration
D.Status

Answer: C

Correct answer: Bus arbitration

Bus arbitration pins decide which device may drive the bus at any moment, so that two masters never attempt to use it at once. Without arbitration, simultaneous drivers would corrupt the data and could damage the drivers themselves.

Discuss in Forum

94.

Which of the following is used as a primary storage device?

A.Magnetic drum
B.Hard Disks
C.Floppy
D.All of above

Answer: A

Correct answer: Magnetic drum

The magnetic drum was used as primary storage in early machines - a rotating cylinder with fixed heads, holding the program and data the processor worked on directly. Hard disks, floppies and the rest are secondary storage: the processor cannot execute from them, so their contents must be loaded into main memory first.

Discuss in Forum

95.

The first computer introduced in Nepal was

A.IBM 1400
B.IBM 1401
C.IBM 1402
D.IBM1402

Answer: B

Correct answer: IBM 1401

The IBM 1401 was the first computer brought to Nepal, imported in 1971 (2028 BS) for processing the national census. It was a second-generation transistorised machine and by then already elderly, but it did the work.

Discuss in Forum

96.

A computer is free from tiredness and boredom. This quality is called

A.Accuracy
B.Reliability
C.Diligence
D.Versatility

Answer: C

Correct answer: Diligence

Diligence is the term for a machine’s ability to perform the same task, hour after hour, without tiring, losing concentration or becoming bored - the millionth calculation is done exactly as carefully as the first. Accuracy is freedom from error, reliability is consistent working, and versatility is the ability to do different kinds of job.

Discuss in Forum

97.

Which generation of computer is still under development?

A.Fourth Generation
B.Fifth Generation
C.Sixth Generation
D.Seventh Generation

Answer: B

Correct answer: Fifth Generation

The fifth generation is the one still being worked towards: machines built round artificial intelligence, natural language, massive parallelism and reasoning rather than mere calculation. The fourth generation, of microprocessors and VLSI, is what we actually use.

Discuss in Forum

98.

What is the main difference between a mainframe and a super computer?

A.Super computer is much larger than mainframe computers
B.Super computers are much smaller than mainframe computers
C.Supercomputers are focused to execute few programs as fast as possible while mainframe uses its power to execute as many programs concurrently
D.Supercomputers are focused to execute as many programs as possible while mainframe uses its power to execute few programs as fast as possible.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Supercomputers are focused to execute few programs as fast as possible while mainframe uses its power to execute as many programs concurrently

The difference is in what each optimises. A supercomputer is built for raw speed on a small number of very heavy computations - weather models, simulations - and is measured in floating-point operations per second. A mainframe is built for throughput: thousands of concurrent transactions, with reliability and input-output capacity mattering more than arithmetic speed. Physical size has nothing to do with it.

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99.

Regarding a VDU, which statement is the most complete?

A.It is an output device
B.It is an input device
C.It is a peripheral device
D.It is hardware item

Answer: C

Correct answer: It is a peripheral device

All four statements are true, but peripheral device is the one that covers the whole case. A VDU is a terminal - screen for output, keyboard for input - so calling it purely an output device is incomplete, and “hardware item” is true but says nothing useful.

Discuss in Forum

100.

In which year did the UK’s premier computing event, “The Which Computer? Show”, start?

A.1980
B.1985
C.1986
D.1987

Answer: A

Correct answer: 1980

The Which Computer? Show, Britain’s principal computing exhibition through the 1980s, began in 1980 - the moment the microcomputer was arriving in offices and homes.

Discuss in Forum

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