Match the following :List IList II(a) Statistical Bibliography(i) Allen Pritchard(b) Librametry(ii) V.V. Nalimov(c) Bibliometrics(iii) E.W. Hulme(d) Scientometrics(iv) S.R. Ranganathan

The correct matching is a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii.Statistical bibliography: E.W. Hulme, who used the term in 1923.Librametry: S.R. Ranganathan, who proposed it in 1948.Bibliometrics: Alan Pritchard, who coined it in 1969 to replace 'statistical bibliography'.Scientometrics: V.V. Nalimov, who introduced it in 1969.Ranganathan and librametry is the anchor and fixes b-iv, leaving two options. The near miss gives bibliometrics to Nalimov and scientometrics to Pritchard, which reverses the last two pairs.

Research Methods and Metric Studies Questions and Answers

Q: According to APA style what is the correct sequence of bibliographical elements in a reference entry of a journal article :

The APA order is author and year; title of the article; title of the journal; volume and issue number; page numbers.An APA journal reference reads: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the article. Title of the Journal, volume(issue), pages. The year follows the author straight away, the article title comes before the journal title, and the volume and issue sit after the journal title with the page range last.The other sequences each move one element out of place: the second puts volume and issue before the journal title, the third puts the pages before the volume and journal, and the fourth puts the pages straight after the year. None of these is APA style.

Q: Identify the correct sequence of the following activities associated with research data :(i) Data collection(ii) Construction of frequency tables(iii) Cleaning of data(iv) Presentation of data in charts.

The correct sequence is (i) (iii) (ii) (iv): collection, cleaning, tabulation, presentation.Data must first be collected. Raw data then has to be cleaned, checking for and correcting errors, missing values and inconsistent entries, before anything is counted. Clean data is then organised into frequency tables, and only after tabulation is it presented in charts and graphs.The other sequences break this logic: one tabulates and charts before cleaning, one tabulates before data has even been collected, and one presents charts first. Tabulating unclean data would carry its errors into every table and chart that follows.

Q: Identify logical sequences of the following chapters in a research report ?(i) Introduction(ii) Findings and suggestions(iii) Literature review(iv) Data analysis and interpretation

The logical sequence of chapters is (i) (iii) (iv) (ii).Introduction: the problem, objectives and scope.Literature review: what earlier studies have found.Data analysis and interpretation: the results of the study.Findings and suggestions: the conclusions drawn and the recommendations.Findings can only be stated after the data has been analysed, so any order putting (ii) before (iv) is wrong. The literature review belongs straight after the introduction, since it frames the study, and a report cannot begin with data analysis, which rules out the last option.

Q: Identify correct sequence of Steven's four levels of measurement scales :(i) Ordinal(ii) Interval(iii) Nominal(iv) Ratio

The correct sequence is (iii) (i) (ii) (iv): nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio.S.S. Stevens (1946) classified measurement scales in order of increasing information:Nominal: names or categories only, such as gender or subject.Ordinal: categories with a rank order, such as satisfaction ratings.Interval: equal intervals but no true zero, such as temperature in Celsius.Ratio: equal intervals and a true zero, such as number of books borrowed.Each scale adds a property to the one before it, so any order that places ratio or interval before ordinal, or starts with ordinal, is wrong.

Q: Assertion (A) : The 'diary' technique enables to collect data about daily activities and experiences of the respondents, recorded by himself.Reason (R) : The 'diary' technique is the most used technique in Delphi research.

The answer is (A) is true but (R) is false.Assertion (A) is correct: in the diary technique respondents themselves record their daily activities and experiences over a period, giving the researcher data that would be hard to observe directly, for example how often and why they use a library.Reason (R) is false. The Delphi method gathers the opinions of a panel of experts through several rounds of questionnaires with controlled feedback, not through diaries. So the options calling (R) true are wrong.

Q: Assertion (A) : Techniques based on citation counting are not suitable for assessing performance of a researcher.Reason (R) : Assessment based on the citation counting is not approved by the UGC.

The key marks both statements false, so the answer is Both (A) and (R) are false.Assertion (A) is false: techniques based on citation counting, such as total citations and the h-index, are widely used to assess the research performance of individuals, alongside peer review.Reason (R) is false as well: the UGC has itself used research publications and their impact as a measure in its academic performance assessment of teachers, so citation-based assessment is not something the UGC has refused to recognise. With both statements false, every option calling either true is wrong.

Q: 'Impact Factor' is a measure of assessment of ..............

The Impact Factor measures a journal.Devised by Eugene Garfield and published in the Journal Citation Reports, the Journal Impact Factor for a year is the number of citations received that year by items a journal published in the previous two years, divided by the number of citable items it published in those two years. It is a measure of the journal as a whole.It is not a measure of a thesis, an individual author or a single article, and using it for them is a known misuse. Authors are measured with indicators such as the h-index, and articles by their own citation counts.

11.

According to APA style what is the correct sequence of bibliographical elements in a reference entry of a journal article :

A.Author and year of publication; title of the article; title of the journal; volume and issue number; page numbers
B.Author and year of publication, title of the article; volume and issue number; title of the journal; page numbers
C.Author and year of publication; title of the article; page numbers; volume and issue number; title of the journal
D.Author and year of publication, page numbers; title of the article, title of the journal; volume and issue number

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: A

The APA order is author and year; title of the article; title of the journal; volume and issue number; page numbers.

An APA journal reference reads: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the article. Title of the Journal, volume(issue), pages. The year follows the author straight away, the article title comes before the journal title, and the volume and issue sit after the journal title with the page range last.

The other sequences each move one element out of place: the second puts volume and issue before the journal title, the third puts the pages before the volume and journal, and the fourth puts the pages straight after the year. None of these is APA style.

Discuss in Forum

12.

Identify the correct sequence of the following activities associated with research data :

(i) Data collection
(ii) Construction of frequency tables
(iii) Cleaning of data
(iv) Presentation of data in charts.

A.(i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
B.(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
C.(ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
D.(iv) (ii) (i) (iii)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: B

The correct sequence is (i) (iii) (ii) (iv): collection, cleaning, tabulation, presentation.

Data must first be collected. Raw data then has to be cleaned, checking for and correcting errors, missing values and inconsistent entries, before anything is counted. Clean data is then organised into frequency tables, and only after tabulation is it presented in charts and graphs.

The other sequences break this logic: one tabulates and charts before cleaning, one tabulates before data has even been collected, and one presents charts first. Tabulating unclean data would carry its errors into every table and chart that follows.

Discuss in Forum

13.

Identify logical sequences of the following chapters in a research report ?

(i) Introduction
(ii) Findings and suggestions
(iii) Literature review
(iv) Data analysis and interpretation

A.(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
B.(i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
C.(i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
D.(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: C

The logical sequence of chapters is (i) (iii) (iv) (ii).

Introduction: the problem, objectives and scope.
Literature review: what earlier studies have found.
Data analysis and interpretation: the results of the study.
Findings and suggestions: the conclusions drawn and the recommendations.

Findings can only be stated after the data has been analysed, so any order putting (ii) before (iv) is wrong. The literature review belongs straight after the introduction, since it frames the study, and a report cannot begin with data analysis, which rules out the last option.

Discuss in Forum

14.

Identify correct sequence of Steven's four levels of measurement scales :

(i) Ordinal
(ii) Interval
(iii) Nominal
(iv) Ratio

A.(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B.(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
C.(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
D.(iii) (i) (ii) (iv)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: D

The correct sequence is (iii) (i) (ii) (iv): nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio.

S.S. Stevens (1946) classified measurement scales in order of increasing information:

Nominal: names or categories only, such as gender or subject.
Ordinal: categories with a rank order, such as satisfaction ratings.
Interval: equal intervals but no true zero, such as temperature in Celsius.
Ratio: equal intervals and a true zero, such as number of books borrowed.

Each scale adds a property to the one before it, so any order that places ratio or interval before ordinal, or starts with ordinal, is wrong.

Discuss in Forum

15.

Match the following :

List I	List II
(a) Statistical Bibliography	(i) Allen Pritchard
(b) Librametry	(ii) V.V. Nalimov
(c) Bibliometrics	(iii) E.W. Hulme
(d) Scientometrics	(iv) S.R. Ranganathan

A.a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv
B.a-ii, b-iii, c-i, d-iv
C.a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i
D.a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, MH SET - 2023, MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2019, SET Exam - 2023, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: D

The correct matching is a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii.

Statistical bibliography: E.W. Hulme, who used the term in 1923.
Librametry: S.R. Ranganathan, who proposed it in 1948.
Bibliometrics: Alan Pritchard, who coined it in 1969 to replace 'statistical bibliography'.
Scientometrics: V.V. Nalimov, who introduced it in 1969.

Ranganathan and librametry is the anchor and fixes b-iv, leaving two options. The near miss gives bibliometrics to Nalimov and scientometrics to Pritchard, which reverses the last two pairs.

Discuss in Forum

16.

Open-ended questions ..........

(i) Mostly provide qualitative data.
(ii) Provide data in respondent's own words.
(iii) Provide data based on the predefined options provided by the researcher
(iv) Generally get less response

A.(i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
B.(ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
C.(i), (iii) and (iv) are correct
D.(i), (ii) and (iv) are correct

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: D

Statements (i), (ii) and (iv) describe open-ended questions, so the answer is (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.

An open-ended question lets respondents answer freely, so it yields mainly qualitative data (i) in the respondent's own words (ii). Because writing an answer takes more time and effort than ticking a box, such questions generally get fewer responses (iv).

Statement (iii) describes the opposite, a closed-ended question, where the respondent chooses from options predefined by the researcher. Every option that includes (iii) is therefore wrong.

Discuss in Forum

17.

.............. and .............. are the procedures for selecting samples through simple random method.

(i) Identifying samples conveniently
(ii) Listing of participants categorywise and choosing samples from each category
(iii) Numbering all the elements of the population and then selecting samples using table of random numbers
(iv) Selecting samples by lottery system

A.(i) and (iii) are correct
B.(ii) and (iv) are correct
C.(i) and (ii) are correct
D.(iii) and (iv) are correct

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2019, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: D

The simple random procedures are the random number table and the lottery, so the answer is (iii) and (iv) are correct.

In simple random sampling every element of the population has an equal chance of selection. The two standard ways of achieving this are to number every element and choose with a table of random numbers (iii), or to use a lottery, drawing numbered slips (iv).

Choosing samples conveniently (i) is convenience sampling, a non-probability method. Listing participants category-wise and sampling from each category (ii) is stratified sampling. Neither is simple random sampling, so the options with (i) or (ii) are wrong.

Discuss in Forum

18.

Assertion (A) : The 'diary' technique enables to collect data about daily activities and experiences of the respondents, recorded by himself.
Reason (R) : The 'diary' technique is the most used technique in Delphi research.

A.Both (A) and (R) are true
B.Both (A) and (R) are false
C.(A) is true but (R) is false
D.(A) is false but (R) is true

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: C

The answer is (A) is true but (R) is false.

Assertion (A) is correct: in the diary technique respondents themselves record their daily activities and experiences over a period, giving the researcher data that would be hard to observe directly, for example how often and why they use a library.

Reason (R) is false. The Delphi method gathers the opinions of a panel of experts through several rounds of questionnaires with controlled feedback, not through diaries. So the options calling (R) true are wrong.

Discuss in Forum

19.

Assertion (A) : Techniques based on citation counting are not suitable for assessing performance of a researcher.
Reason (R) : Assessment based on the citation counting is not approved by the UGC.

A.Both (A) and (R) are true
B.Both (A) and (R) are false
C.(A) is true but (R) is false
D.(A) is false but (R) is true

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: B

The key marks both statements false, so the answer is Both (A) and (R) are false.

Assertion (A) is false: techniques based on citation counting, such as total citations and the h-index, are widely used to assess the research performance of individuals, alongside peer review.

Reason (R) is false as well: the UGC has itself used research publications and their impact as a measure in its academic performance assessment of teachers, so citation-based assessment is not something the UGC has refused to recognise. With both statements false, every option calling either true is wrong.

Discuss in Forum

20.

'Impact Factor' is a measure of assessment of ..............

A.A Journal
B.A Thesis
C.An author
D.An article

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: A

The Impact Factor measures a journal.

Devised by Eugene Garfield and published in the Journal Citation Reports, the Journal Impact Factor for a year is the number of citations received that year by items a journal published in the previous two years, divided by the number of citable items it published in those two years. It is a measure of the journal as a whole.

It is not a measure of a thesis, an individual author or a single article, and using it for them is a known misuse. Authors are measured with indicators such as the h-index, and articles by their own citation counts.

Research Methods and Metric Studies Questions and Answers

Topics

Other Subjects

Tags: Research Methods and Metric Studies Questions and Answers

About Us

Research Methods and Metric Studies Questions and Answers

Topics

Other Subjects

Tags: Research Methods and Metric Studies Questions and Answers

About Us

Stay informed about all important Dates & Notifications