Machine-translated by Google. Questions are authored in English.
Top

Attention, Perception, Learning and Memory Questions and Answers

31.

Which of the following is a mental representation of some type of information or stimuli?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

A memory code is a mental representation of some type of information or stimuli, such as a sound, image or meaning, in which the information is held in memory. A retrieval cue helps recall, chunking groups items into units, and a schema is an organised framework of knowledge, not the code in which an item is stored. Information has to be encoded into a form that memory can store, and these forms are the memory codes: for example acoustic, visual and semantic codes. The question's phrase mental representation points to this.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
32.

Which of the following is reflected by responses that are conditioned in classical conditioning?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

Responses conditioned in classical conditioning are reflected in procedural memory, the memory for skills and conditioned responses that operates without conscious recollection. Sensory memory holds briefly the raw input, episodic memory holds personal events, and declarative memory holds facts and events that can be stated. Procedural memory covers motor skills and also conditioned emotional responses, which are acquired by repetition and are shown in performance rather than in recalled facts.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
33.

Which of the following types of learning is related to observation learning suggested by Bandura?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

The keyed answer is operant conditioning. Bandura's observational learning is built on operant principles such as reinforcement and punishment, applied vicariously when the learner sees the model rewarded or punished. Classical conditioning concerns reflexive stimulus pairing, latent learning is Tolman's idea of learning without reinforcement, and insight learning is Kohler's sudden solution. In Bandura's Bobo doll studies children imitated an adult model who was rewarded or punished, and the children's later behaviour depended on the consequences seen, which is the operant element in observational learning.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
34.

In operant conditioning, which of the following helps of an organism when a light bulb is used to train them?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

When a light bulb is used to train an organism in operant conditioning, it helps the organism to discriminate between the stimuli: it acts as a discriminative stimulus that signals when a response will be reinforced. Escape, generalisation and learned helplessness are not what a signal light for a reinforced response teaches. The light acts as a cue: the organism learns that pressing a lever when the light is on brings food, and that pressing when it is off does not, which is a discrimination.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
35.

According to Skinner, which of the following is a characteristic of instrumental conditioning?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

According to Skinner, the response in instrumental or operant conditioning is emitted, that is, produced by the organism voluntarily, not triggered by a stimulus. Involuntary and elicited responses describe reflexes in classical conditioning, and imitation is observational learning. In Skinner's analysis the operant is emitted by the organism, while the respondent in classical conditioning is elicited by a stimulus; this is why instrumental behaviour is called voluntary.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
36.

Partial report experiment is used to study which type of memory?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

The partial report experiment of Sperling is used to study iconic memory, the brief visual sensory store. Working memory and short-term memory involve longer holding, and echoic memory is the auditory sensory store. George Sperling flashed a grid of letters for a fraction of a second and then cued one row with a tone; people could report the cued row well, showing that the sensory store holds more than can be reported from the whole display.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
37.

Identify the process in which animals are biologically predisposed to learn some associations more easily than others through evolution.

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

Biological preparedness is the tendency of animals to learn some associations more readily than others because of evolution, as in Seligman's account of conditioned taste aversion. Learned helplessness is giving up after uncontrollable events, insight is sudden solution, and instinctive drift is drift of a learned behaviour back towards instinct. Seligman's idea of preparedness says that organisms are biologically ready to form some associations, such as between a taste and illness, more quickly than others, because these helped survival.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
38.

According to Bandura, which of the following options contains the correct sequence of observation learning?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

According to Bandura the sequence of observational learning is attention, retention, production (reproduction) and motivation. The other options place the stages in a different order. The order matches the processes of observational learning in Bandura's account: the learner must first attend to the model, retain what was seen, be able to reproduce the behaviour, and be motivated to perform it.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
39.

Which of the following is a Gestalt principle of perception wherein there is a tendency to perceive objects that are close to each other as part of the same grouping; physical or geographical nearness?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

Proximity is the Gestalt principle by which objects that are close to each other are perceived as belonging to the same group. Closure fills gaps to see a complete figure, continuity favours smooth continuing lines, and contiguity is not the Gestalt name for nearness but refers to events occurring together in time. The Gestalt principles of grouping, set out by Wertheimer, include proximity, similarity, closure, continuity and common fate, and each describes a tendency of the visual system to organise the stimuli into wholes.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
40.

Identify the phenomenon that allows us to recognise familiar stimuli under varying conditions.

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

Perceptual constancies allow us to recognise familiar stimuli, such as the shape, size and brightness of an object, under varying conditions of distance, angle and lighting. Perceptual set is a readiness to perceive in a certain way, perceptual schema is an organised mental framework, and Gestalt principles describe how parts are grouped. Size constancy, shape constancy and brightness constancy are examples: a distant person looks smaller on the retina but we still see the person as of normal size.

Please log in or register to report this question.

Discuss in Forum
Loading…

Topics

Other Subjects

Tags: Attention, Perception, Learning and Memory Questions and Answers

About Us

ExamsRepo

Copyright © 2026 ExamsRepo . All Rights Reserved . With