Match the following :List IList II(a) QR Code(i) Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver(b) RFID Technology(ii) Sir William Herschel(c) Biometric Technology(iii) Denso Wave(d) Barcode Technology(iv) Raytheon's Raytag

The correct matching is a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i.The QR code was invented in 1994 by Denso Wave, a Toyota group company in Japan (iii).RFID technology is linked in this list with Raytheon's Raytag, an early commercial RFID product (iv).Biometrics goes back to Sir William Herschel, who used fingerprints to identify people in British India from 1858 (ii).The barcode was patented by Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver in 1952 (i).The other options misassign these well-known origins, for example giving Herschel the QR code or Woodland and Silver RFID.

ICT Fundamentals for Libraries Questions and Answers

Q: ............ is also called as a "Connectionless" protocol.

The connectionless protocol is UDP.The User Datagram Protocol sends datagrams without first setting up a connection, and without acknowledgements or retransmission. That makes it fast and light, which suits streaming, DNS lookups and online games, where speed matters more than guaranteed delivery.TCP is connection-oriented: it sets up a connection with a three-way handshake and guarantees ordered delivery. HTTP and FTP are application protocols that traditionally run over TCP, so they are not called connectionless.

Q: The full form of SEO is .............

SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization.Search engine optimization is the practice of improving a website's content, structure and links so that it ranks higher in the unpaid results of search engines such as Google. Libraries use it to make their catalogues, repositories and websites easier to find.'Search E-mail Operation', 'Search Engine Operation' and 'Search Mail Optimization' are not real terms; they are distractors built from parts of the correct expansion.

Q: The high level language program before ready to be executed must go through various processes except ......

The process that is not required is controlling.Before a program written in a high-level language can run, it must be translated into machine code by a compiler or interpreter, linked with the library routines it uses by a linker, and loaded into memory by a loader. These are the standard steps in preparing a program for execution.'Controlling' is not a step in this sequence; it is a general management term, not part of turning source code into a running program.

Q: Which part of the QR code represents the encoded data ?

The encoded data is held in the data element.A QR code has functional patterns and a data area. The three large squares at the corners (positioning or finder patterns), along with alignment and timing patterns, help a scanner locate and orient the code. The encoded information itself, with its error-correction codewords, sits in the data region made up of the remaining modules.The positioning elements do not carry the data, and 'location' and 'programme' are not parts of a QR code.

Q: What is the purpose of geocoding in the context of geo-location ?

Geocoding means Assigning geographic coordinates to an address.Geocoding converts a place description, such as a street address or place name, into latitude and longitude so that it can be mapped and searched by location. The reverse process is reverse geocoding.It has nothing to do with geology, earthquakes or weather forecasting.

Q: .............. protocol is used to map MAC address to IP address.

The protocol is ARP.The Address Resolution Protocol finds the hardware (MAC) address that goes with a known IP address on a local network, so that frames can be delivered; RARP did the reverse.TCP provides reliable transport, ICMP carries error and control messages (as used by ping), and BOOTP assigns IP addresses to booting machines.

Q: Asynchronous transmission is also known as ........ transmission.

Asynchronous transmission is also called Start-stop transmission.In asynchronous transmission each character is sent separately, framed by a start bit and one or more stop bits, so the receiver can synchronise on every character without a shared clock.One-way and two-way describe simplex and duplex communication, and continuous streaming is closer to synchronous transmission, where blocks of data flow under a common clock.

Q: ............... improves utilization of communication networks and also provides fault tolerance.

The answer is Packet switching.Packet switching breaks data into packets that share the links with other traffic, so capacity is used only when there is data to send, which improves utilisation. Packets can also take different routes, so the network keeps working if a link or node fails, which gives fault tolerance.Circuit switching reserves a dedicated path for the whole call, wasting capacity during silences and failing if the path breaks. Message switching stores and forwards whole messages, with long delays, and 'virtual switching' is not a standard switching method.

Q: IPv6 is also known as ........

IPv6 is also known as IPng.During its development in the 1990s, the successor to IPv4 was called IP Next Generation (IPng); it was standardised as IPv6 with 128-bit addresses.IP6G, IPig and IP5G are not names of IPv6.

71.

............ is also called as a "Connectionless" protocol.

A.TCP
B.UDP
C.HTTP
D.FTP

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: B

The connectionless protocol is UDP.

The User Datagram Protocol sends datagrams without first setting up a connection, and without acknowledgements or retransmission. That makes it fast and light, which suits streaming, DNS lookups and online games, where speed matters more than guaranteed delivery.

TCP is connection-oriented: it sets up a connection with a three-way handshake and guarantees ordered delivery. HTTP and FTP are application protocols that traditionally run over TCP, so they are not called connectionless.

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72.

The full form of SEO is .............

A.Search E-mail Operation
B.Search Engine Operation
C.Search Engine Optimization
D.Search Mail Optimization

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: C

SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization.

Search engine optimization is the practice of improving a website's content, structure and links so that it ranks higher in the unpaid results of search engines such as Google. Libraries use it to make their catalogues, repositories and websites easier to find.

'Search E-mail Operation', 'Search Engine Operation' and 'Search Mail Optimization' are not real terms; they are distractors built from parts of the correct expansion.

Discuss in Forum

73.

The high level language program before ready to be executed must go through various processes except ......

A.Linking
B.Loading
C.Controlling
D.Translation

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: D

The process that is not required is controlling.

Before a program written in a high-level language can run, it must be translated into machine code by a compiler or interpreter, linked with the library routines it uses by a linker, and loaded into memory by a loader. These are the standard steps in preparing a program for execution.

'Controlling' is not a step in this sequence; it is a general management term, not part of turning source code into a running program.

Discuss in Forum

74.

Which part of the QR code represents the encoded data ?

A.Three positioning element
B.Data element
C.Location
D.Programme

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: B

The encoded data is held in the data element.

A QR code has functional patterns and a data area. The three large squares at the corners (positioning or finder patterns), along with alignment and timing patterns, help a scanner locate and orient the code. The encoded information itself, with its error-correction codewords, sits in the data region made up of the remaining modules.

The positioning elements do not carry the data, and 'location' and 'programme' are not parts of a QR code.

Discuss in Forum

75.

Match the following :

List I	List II
(a) QR Code	(i) Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver
(b) RFID Technology	(ii) Sir William Herschel
(c) Biometric Technology	(iii) Denso Wave
(d) Barcode Technology	(iv) Raytheon's Raytag

A.a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii
B.a-ii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i
C.a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii
D.a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: D

The correct matching is a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i.

The QR code was invented in 1994 by Denso Wave, a Toyota group company in Japan (iii).
RFID technology is linked in this list with Raytheon's Raytag, an early commercial RFID product (iv).
Biometrics goes back to Sir William Herschel, who used fingerprints to identify people in British India from 1858 (ii).
The barcode was patented by Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver in 1952 (i).

The other options misassign these well-known origins, for example giving Herschel the QR code or Woodland and Silver RFID.

Discuss in Forum

76.

What is the purpose of geocoding in the context of geo-location ?

A.Locating geological formations
B.Assigning geographic coordinates to an address
C.Measuring earthquake magnitudes
D.Predicting weather patterns

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: B

Geocoding means Assigning geographic coordinates to an address.

Geocoding converts a place description, such as a street address or place name, into latitude and longitude so that it can be mapped and searched by location. The reverse process is reverse geocoding.

It has nothing to do with geology, earthquakes or weather forecasting.

Discuss in Forum

77.

.............. protocol is used to map MAC address to IP address.

A.TCP
B.ARP
C.ICMP
D.BOOTP

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: B

The protocol is ARP.

The Address Resolution Protocol finds the hardware (MAC) address that goes with a known IP address on a local network, so that frames can be delivered; RARP did the reverse.

TCP provides reliable transport, ICMP carries error and control messages (as used by ping), and BOOTP assigns IP addresses to booting machines.

Discuss in Forum

78.

Asynchronous transmission is also known as ........ transmission.

A.Start-stop
B.One-way
C.Continuous streaming
D.Two-way

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: A

Asynchronous transmission is also called Start-stop transmission.

In asynchronous transmission each character is sent separately, framed by a start bit and one or more stop bits, so the receiver can synchronise on every character without a shared clock.

One-way and two-way describe simplex and duplex communication, and continuous streaming is closer to synchronous transmission, where blocks of data flow under a common clock.

Discuss in Forum

79.

............... improves utilization of communication networks and also provides fault tolerance.

A.Circuit switching
B.Packet switching
C.Message switching
D.Virtual switching

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: B

The answer is Packet switching.

Packet switching breaks data into packets that share the links with other traffic, so capacity is used only when there is data to send, which improves utilisation. Packets can also take different routes, so the network keeps working if a link or node fails, which gives fault tolerance.

Circuit switching reserves a dedicated path for the whole call, wasting capacity during silences and failing if the path breaks. Message switching stores and forwards whole messages, with long delays, and 'virtual switching' is not a standard switching method.

Discuss in Forum

80.

IPv6 is also known as ........

A.IP6G
B.IPng
C.IPig
D.IP5G

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: B

IPv6 is also known as IPng.

During its development in the 1990s, the successor to IPv4 was called IP Next Generation (IPng); it was standardised as IPv6 with 128-bit addresses.

IP6G, IPig and IP5G are not names of IPv6.

Discuss in Forum

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