Library Management Questions and Answers

Q: Zero Base budget system was developed by :

Zero-base budgeting was developed by Peter A. Pyhrr.Pyhrr devised it at Texas Instruments around 1969 and described it in the Harvard Business Review in 1970. In zero-base budgeting every activity has to be justified afresh each budget period, from zero, instead of the previous year's allocation being taken as the base and adjusted. It later spread to government and to libraries as a way of questioning continuing expenditure.F.W. Taylor is the founder of scientific management and Henry Fayol of administrative management theory; neither devised a budgeting system. R.D. Stuart is not credited with the technique in the management literature, which attributes it to Pyhrr alone.

Q: Quality is "Fitness for use" said by :

Quality as fitness for use is the definition of Joseph M. Juran.Juran, one of the founders of quality management, defined quality from the user's side: a product or service is of good quality when it is fit for the use the customer intends. His quality trilogy of planning, control and improvement built on that definition.Philip Crosby defined quality differently, as conformance to requirements, and is known for 'zero defects'. Peter Drucker wrote on management in general, and Michael Maccoby on leadership and management character types. Neither framed quality as fitness for use.

Q: The basic principle which governs the selection of reading material for a library was enunciated by Drury in :

Drury enunciated the principle in 1930.Francis K.W. Drury's book Book Selection, published by the American Library Association in 1930, stated the principle that governs choosing reading material: to provide the right book for the right reader at the right time. It became one of the standard laws of book selection, alongside the ideas of Dewey, McColvin and Ranganathan.The other years are wrong because they do not match the publication of Book Selection. Lionel McColvin's Theory of Book Selection for Public Libraries appeared in 1925, which is the nearby date most often confused with Drury's.

Q: Who among the following persons is considered as father of modern management ?

The father of modern management, in the paper's sense, is Henry Fayol.Henri Fayol, a French mining engineer, published Administration industrielle et generale in 1916. He set out the functions of management (planning, organising, commanding, coordinating and controlling) and fourteen principles of management that apply to any organisation, which is why he is called the father of modern management or of administrative management theory.F.W. Taylor is the father of scientific management, the trap in this question; his work was on efficiency at shop-floor level. Henry Gantt devised the Gantt chart, and Frederick Herzberg the two-factor theory of motivation.

Q: McGregor's theory 'Y' is related with :

Theory Y is about people being self-directed and self-controlled at the work place.Douglas McGregor's The Human Side of Enterprise (1960) contrasted two sets of assumptions managers make about workers. Theory Y assumes that work is as natural as play, that people will exercise self-direction and self-control towards objectives they are committed to, seek responsibility and show creativity when given the chance.Disliking work, lacking creativity and being self-centred are the pessimistic assumptions of Theory X, which holds that people avoid work and must be directed and controlled. So the other three options describe Theory X, not Theory Y.

Q: ............................... improves the planning and control of operations by providing better information for decision-making.

The blank is filled by Management Information System.An MIS collects, processes and reports data on an organisation's operations so that managers at each level get timely, relevant information for planning, controlling and decision-making. Improving decisions through better information is the definition of an MIS.System analysis is the study of an existing system in order to design a new one, a step in building an MIS rather than the thing that supplies information. Operation management is the management of production processes, and controlling techniques, such as budgets and audits, use information but do not provide it.

Q: Statement (A) : Stock verification is essential in the collection development in Academic Libraries.Statement (B) : Stock verification is not a time consuming process.Select the correct answer from the codes given below :

The answer is (A) is true but (B) is false.Stock verification checks the library's holdings against its accession records to find missing, damaged and misplaced items. In an academic library that information feeds collection development directly: it shows what needs replacing, weeding or adding, so statement (A) is true.Statement (B) is false. Verification means checking every item on the shelves and in circulation against the register, often with the library partly closed, and it is notorious as one of the most time-consuming routines in a library. That is why sample verification and RFID-based methods are recommended. Options calling (B) true, or (A) false, are therefore wrong.

Q: Theory of Psychology of human resources is developed by :

The answer is E. Mayo.Elton Mayo's Hawthorne studies at Western Electric (1927-1932) showed that output depends on workers' attitudes, group norms and the attention paid to them, not only on physical conditions and pay. This founded the human relations school, which treats the psychology of the people in an organisation as the key to management.Taylor (scientific management) treated workers through time study and incentive pay, and Fayol set out the functions and principles of administration; both belong to the classical school. Douglas McGregor (written M. Gregor here) built on the human relations approach with his Theory X and Theory Y, but the theory as a school starts with Mayo.

Q: PERT is used for managing the :

PERT is used for time management.The Program Evaluation and Review Technique, developed in 1958 for the US Navy's Polaris missile project, plans a project as a network of activities and events. Each activity gets optimistic, most likely and pessimistic time estimates, giving an expected time:\[ t_e = \frac{t_o + 4t_m + t_p}{6} \]The longest path through the network, the critical path, shows the shortest time the project can take and which activities cannot slip. It is a scheduling tool, not a method for managing money, space or self-appraisal, though libraries use it to plan projects such as automation or a move.

Direction for [ Question No: 1 To 1 ] :

Read the following passage and answer the questions :

While Boyd allows that some people consider email or discussion lists to be Social Software, he makes an important distinction between traditional communication software and Social Software. He explains that traditional software places people into groups with a top-down approach; in other words, it assigns membership. However, Social Software takes a bottom-up approach, which enables people to organize themselves into a network based on their preferences. Therefore, with a bottom-up approach, people can sign up for a system and build communities using their personal preferences (Marenzi et al., 2008). In contrast, traditional communication software uses a top-down approach where people are assigned into a specific organization or groups. Social Software is based on supporting individuals who interact socially with people who have similar interests (Marenzi et al., 2008). In addition, users typically enjoy Social Software itself and work with various Social Software applications voluntarily. For example, the authors of social media enjoy content that they have created themselves, content that is copied from other media, and mash-ups that contain a mix of content that could possibly be from several authors (Ahonen and Lietsala, 2007). The popularity of social technologies is attributed to the increase in low-cost tools and the critical mass of millions of people who are now connected to the Internet and to the people's need to feel like part of a community (Avram, 2006). These users tend to rely more on their own personal social networks than on traditional business structures. (Vinson 2005) describes additional features of Social Software tools: they allow people to easily participate (by both contributing and reading) in the activities; they provide the opportunity for networking and allow for the self-forming of networks since people are usually both consumers and producers; and each individual can be a member on several networks simultaneously (Avram, 2006).

People are assigned into specific organization or groups in ________ approach.

A.Top-down approach
B.Down-top approach
C.Top-bottom system approach
D.Down-top system approach

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

People are assigned to specific organisations or groups in the top-down approach, the answer. The passage says traditional communication software places people into groups from the top and assigns membership, while social software takes a bottom-up approach.

The 'down-top' and 'system' wordings do not appear in the passage, and the down-top approach is the bottom-up one, which lets people organise themselves.

Discuss in Forum

Zero Base budget system was developed by :

A.Peter A. Pyhrr
B.R.D. Stuart
C.F.W. Taylor
D.Henry Fayol

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

Zero-base budgeting was developed by Peter A. Pyhrr.

Pyhrr devised it at Texas Instruments around 1969 and described it in the Harvard Business Review in 1970. In zero-base budgeting every activity has to be justified afresh each budget period, from zero, instead of the previous year's allocation being taken as the base and adjusted. It later spread to government and to libraries as a way of questioning continuing expenditure.

F.W. Taylor is the founder of scientific management and Henry Fayol of administrative management theory; neither devised a budgeting system. R.D. Stuart is not credited with the technique in the management literature, which attributes it to Pyhrr alone.

Discuss in Forum

Quality is "Fitness for use" said by :

A.Peter Drucker
B.Joseph M. Juran
C.Michael Maccoby
D.Philip Crosby

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

Quality as fitness for use is the definition of Joseph M. Juran.

Juran, one of the founders of quality management, defined quality from the user's side: a product or service is of good quality when it is fit for the use the customer intends. His quality trilogy of planning, control and improvement built on that definition.

Philip Crosby defined quality differently, as conformance to requirements, and is known for 'zero defects'. Peter Drucker wrote on management in general, and Michael Maccoby on leadership and management character types. Neither framed quality as fitness for use.

Discuss in Forum

The basic principle which governs the selection of reading material for a library was enunciated by Drury in :

A.1928
B.1926
C.1932
D.1930

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: D

Drury enunciated the principle in 1930.

Francis K.W. Drury's book Book Selection, published by the American Library Association in 1930, stated the principle that governs choosing reading material: to provide the right book for the right reader at the right time. It became one of the standard laws of book selection, alongside the ideas of Dewey, McColvin and Ranganathan.

The other years are wrong because they do not match the publication of Book Selection. Lionel McColvin's Theory of Book Selection for Public Libraries appeared in 1925, which is the nearby date most often confused with Drury's.

Discuss in Forum

Who among the following persons is considered as father of modern management ?

A.Henry Fayol
B.Henry Gantt
C.F.W. Taylor
D.Frederick Herzberg

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

The father of modern management, in the paper's sense, is Henry Fayol.

Henri Fayol, a French mining engineer, published Administration industrielle et generale in 1916. He set out the functions of management (planning, organising, commanding, coordinating and controlling) and fourteen principles of management that apply to any organisation, which is why he is called the father of modern management or of administrative management theory.

F.W. Taylor is the father of scientific management, the trap in this question; his work was on efficiency at shop-floor level. Henry Gantt devised the Gantt chart, and Frederick Herzberg the two-factor theory of motivation.

Discuss in Forum

McGregor's theory 'Y' is related with :

A.disliking of persons at work place
B.lack of creativity at work place
C.self-directed and self-controlled at persons work place
D.self-centred and selfishness at work place

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: C

Theory Y is about people being self-directed and self-controlled at the work place.

Douglas McGregor's The Human Side of Enterprise (1960) contrasted two sets of assumptions managers make about workers. Theory Y assumes that work is as natural as play, that people will exercise self-direction and self-control towards objectives they are committed to, seek responsibility and show creativity when given the chance.

Disliking work, lacking creativity and being self-centred are the pessimistic assumptions of Theory X, which holds that people avoid work and must be directed and controlled. So the other three options describe Theory X, not Theory Y.

Discuss in Forum

............................... improves the planning and control of operations by providing better information for decision-making.

A.System analysis
B.Management Information System
C.Operation Management
D.Controlling techniques

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

The blank is filled by Management Information System.

An MIS collects, processes and reports data on an organisation's operations so that managers at each level get timely, relevant information for planning, controlling and decision-making. Improving decisions through better information is the definition of an MIS.

System analysis is the study of an existing system in order to design a new one, a step in building an MIS rather than the thing that supplies information. Operation management is the management of production processes, and controlling techniques, such as budgets and audits, use information but do not provide it.

Discuss in Forum

Statement (A) : Stock verification is essential in the collection development in Academic Libraries.
Statement (B) : Stock verification is not a time consuming process.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below :

A.(A) is true but (B) is false
B.Both (A) and (B) are true
C.Both (A) and (B) are false
D.(A) is false but (B) is true

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

The answer is (A) is true but (B) is false.

Stock verification checks the library's holdings against its accession records to find missing, damaged and misplaced items. In an academic library that information feeds collection development directly: it shows what needs replacing, weeding or adding, so statement (A) is true.

Statement (B) is false. Verification means checking every item on the shelves and in circulation against the register, often with the library partly closed, and it is notorious as one of the most time-consuming routines in a library. That is why sample verification and RFID-based methods are recommended. Options calling (B) true, or (A) false, are therefore wrong.

Discuss in Forum

Theory of Psychology of human resources is developed by :

A.M. Gregor
B.E. Mayo
C.H. Fayol
D.F. Taylor

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

The answer is E. Mayo.

Elton Mayo's Hawthorne studies at Western Electric (1927-1932) showed that output depends on workers' attitudes, group norms and the attention paid to them, not only on physical conditions and pay. This founded the human relations school, which treats the psychology of the people in an organisation as the key to management.

Taylor (scientific management) treated workers through time study and incentive pay, and Fayol set out the functions and principles of administration; both belong to the classical school. Douglas McGregor (written M. Gregor here) built on the human relations approach with his Theory X and Theory Y, but the theory as a school starts with Mayo.

Discuss in Forum

10.

PERT is used for managing the :

A.money management
B.time management
C.space management
D.self appraisal management

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

PERT is used for time management.

The Program Evaluation and Review Technique, developed in 1958 for the US Navy's Polaris missile project, plans a project as a network of activities and events. Each activity gets optimistic, most likely and pessimistic time estimates, giving an expected time:

\[ t_e = \frac{t_o + 4t_m + t_p}{6} \]

The longest path through the network, the critical path, shows the shortest time the project can take and which activities cannot slip. It is a scheduling tool, not a method for managing money, space or self-appraisal, though libraries use it to plan projects such as automation or a move.

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