ICT Fundamentals for Libraries Questions and Answers

Q: Which type of Artificial intelligence is considered as a weak AI ?

Weak AI is Artificial Narrow Intelligence.Narrow (weak) AI performs one specific task or a limited range of tasks, such as voice assistants, recommendation engines, image recognition or chess programs, without general understanding. All AI in use today is of this kind.Artificial General Intelligence (strong AI) would match human ability across any intellectual task, and Artificial Super Intelligence would surpass it; both are hypothetical. 'Robotic Artificial Intelligence' is not a recognised category of AI strength.

Q: APS stands for ................ .

APS stands for Analytics Platform System.Microsoft's Analytics Platform System is an appliance for large-scale data warehousing and big-data analytics, combining SQL Server Parallel Data Warehouse with Hadoop processing in one system.The other options are near misses on the same words: 'Analytical' instead of 'Analytics', 'Performance' instead of 'Platform', and 'Server' instead of 'System'. Only the exact product name is correct.

Q: Which of the following are two types of DNS records ?(i) Queries(ii) Responses(iii) Question(iv) Resources

The answer is (iii) and (iv) are correct: question records and resource records.In the standard textbook account of DNS, two types of records are used. Question records carry the name being looked up in the question section of a message, and resource records carry the answers, such as the IP address for a name, in the answer, authority and additional sections.Queries and responses are the two types of DNS messages, not records. The question tests exactly that distinction, so options with (i) or (ii) are wrong.

Q: The following functions are carried out by timing element of the QR code :(i) Used for determining the central coordinate of each cell in the QR code(ii) Helps the QR code scanner determine how large the data matrix is in the QR code(iii) Used for modifying the distortion of QR code(iv) Helps the QR code scanner differentiate the QR code from the surroundings

The answer is (i) and (ii) are correct.The timing pattern is the row and column of alternating black and white modules running between the finder patterns. Because it marks off every module, the scanner uses it to fix the centre coordinate of each cell and to tell how large the data matrix (the version of the code) is.Correcting distortion is the job of the alignment pattern, and separating the code from its surroundings is the job of the blank quiet zone around it, so options with (iii) or (iv) are wrong.

Q: Match the following :List IList II(a) Public cloud(i) Set of co-operating institutions with similar requirements may request a provider to create cloud infrastructure for their exclusive use(b) Private cloud(ii) Cloud bursting(c) Hybrid cloud(iii) Proprietary network and infrastructure which is provided to a single customer(d) Community cloud(iv) Sell service to anyone Multi-tenanted service

The correct match is a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i.A public cloud sells its service to anyone, with many customers sharing the infrastructure (multitenancy) (a-iv). A private cloud is proprietary infrastructure provided to a single customer (b-iii). A hybrid cloud combines the two, and cloud bursting, where an application overflows from the private to the public cloud at peak load, is its typical use (c-ii). A community cloud is shared by co-operating institutions with similar needs for their exclusive use (d-i).Only option D gives all four.

Q: Which part of the QR code represents the encoded data ?

The encoded data is held in the Data element.A QR code has function patterns that help a scanner read it and a data area that carries the content. The data and error-correction codewords are stored as black and white modules in that data region.The three positioning (finder) patterns in the corners only tell the scanner where the code is and how it is oriented. 'Location' is what those patterns establish, not data, and a 'programme for reading' is the scanner software, not part of the code.

91.

Which type of Artificial intelligence is considered as a weak AI ?

A.Artificial Narrow Intelligence
B.Artificial General Intelligence
C.Artificial Super Intelligence
D.Robotic Artificial Intelligence

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: A

Weak AI is Artificial Narrow Intelligence.

Narrow (weak) AI performs one specific task or a limited range of tasks, such as voice assistants, recommendation engines, image recognition or chess programs, without general understanding. All AI in use today is of this kind.

Artificial General Intelligence (strong AI) would match human ability across any intellectual task, and Artificial Super Intelligence would surpass it; both are hypothetical. 'Robotic Artificial Intelligence' is not a recognised category of AI strength.

Discuss in Forum

92.

APS stands for ................ .

A.Analytical Platform System
B.Analytics Performance System
C.Analytics Platform Server
D.Analytics Platform System

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: D

APS stands for Analytics Platform System.

Microsoft's Analytics Platform System is an appliance for large-scale data warehousing and big-data analytics, combining SQL Server Parallel Data Warehouse with Hadoop processing in one system.

The other options are near misses on the same words: 'Analytical' instead of 'Analytics', 'Performance' instead of 'Platform', and 'Server' instead of 'System'. Only the exact product name is correct.

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93.

Which of the following are two types of DNS records ?

(i) Queries
(ii) Responses
(iii) Question
(iv) Resources

A.(i) and (ii) are correct
B.(iii) and (iv) are correct
C.(ii) and (iii) are correct
D.(i) and (iv) are correct

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: B

The answer is (iii) and (iv) are correct: question records and resource records.

In the standard textbook account of DNS, two types of records are used. Question records carry the name being looked up in the question section of a message, and resource records carry the answers, such as the IP address for a name, in the answer, authority and additional sections.

Queries and responses are the two types of DNS messages, not records. The question tests exactly that distinction, so options with (i) or (ii) are wrong.

Discuss in Forum

94.

The following functions are carried out by timing element of the QR code :

(i) Used for determining the central coordinate of each cell in the QR code
(ii) Helps the QR code scanner determine how large the data matrix is in the QR code
(iii) Used for modifying the distortion of QR code
(iv) Helps the QR code scanner differentiate the QR code from the surroundings

A.(i) and (iv) are correct
B.(ii) and (iii) are correct
C.(iii) and (iv) are correct
D.(i) and (ii) are correct

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: D

The answer is (i) and (ii) are correct.

The timing pattern is the row and column of alternating black and white modules running between the finder patterns. Because it marks off every module, the scanner uses it to fix the centre coordinate of each cell and to tell how large the data matrix (the version of the code) is.

Correcting distortion is the job of the alignment pattern, and separating the code from its surroundings is the job of the blank quiet zone around it, so options with (iii) or (iv) are wrong.

Discuss in Forum

95.

Match the following :

List I	List II
(a) Public cloud	(i) Set of co-operating institutions with similar requirements may request a provider to create cloud infrastructure for their exclusive use
(b) Private cloud	(ii) Cloud bursting
(c) Hybrid cloud	(iii) Proprietary network and infrastructure which is provided to a single customer
(d) Community cloud	(iv) Sell service to anyone Multi-tenanted service

A.a-ii, b-iii, c-i, d-iv
B.a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii
C.a-iv, b-ii, c-i, d-iii
D.a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: D

The correct match is a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i.

A public cloud sells its service to anyone, with many customers sharing the infrastructure (multitenancy) (a-iv). A private cloud is proprietary infrastructure provided to a single customer (b-iii). A hybrid cloud combines the two, and cloud bursting, where an application overflows from the private to the public cloud at peak load, is its typical use (c-ii). A community cloud is shared by co-operating institutions with similar needs for their exclusive use (d-i).

Only option D gives all four.

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96.

Which part of the QR code represents the encoded data ?

A.Three positioning element
B.Data element
C.Location
D.Programme for reading

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: B

The encoded data is held in the Data element.

A QR code has function patterns that help a scanner read it and a data area that carries the content. The data and error-correction codewords are stored as black and white modules in that data region.

The three positioning (finder) patterns in the corners only tell the scanner where the code is and how it is oriented. 'Location' is what those patterns establish, not data, and a 'programme for reading' is the scanner software, not part of the code.

Discuss in Forum

97.

Which one of the following is not a switching system ?

A.Packet
B.Circuit
C.Router
D.Message

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

Packet switching, circuit switching and message switching are the three switching systems used in data communication. A router is a device that forwards packets between networks, not a switching system. Circuit switching sets up a dedicated path, as in the telephone network, and message switching stores whole messages and passes them on, while packet switching breaks data into packets. The answer is the router. Message switching is the oldest of the three, used in telegraph systems.

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98.

The general image file formats are :

(i) TIFF (ii) JPEG
(iii) MPEG (iv) PNG
Codes :

A.(i), (ii) and (iii) are correct.
B.(i), (iii) and (iv) are correct.
C.(i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.
D.(ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

TIFF, JPEG and PNG are image file formats, used for scanned pages, photographs and web graphics. MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) is a standard for compressing video and audio, not for still images. So (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct. The answer is the third option. In practice TIFF is preferred for archival scans, JPEG for photographs and PNG for lossless web images, while MPEG is used for video clips. All four formats named in the question are file types, but only three of them hold still images.

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99.

Which of the following are common types of protocols ?

(i) HTTP (ii) FTP
(iii) Telnet (iv) Gopher
Codes :

A.(i) and (ii) are correct.
B.(i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.
C.(iii) and (iv) are correct.
D.(i), (ii) and (iii) are correct.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

HTTP (web pages), FTP (file transfer) and Telnet (remote login) are the common protocols of the Internet. Gopher, a menu-based retrieval system of the early 1990s, is also a protocol but has become almost unused, so the common ones are (i), (ii) and (iii). The options with Gopher, or without HTTP and FTP, leave out the main ones. The answer is (i), (ii) and (iii). Telnet allows a user to log into a remote computer, which is how many library catalogues were once searched.

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100.

Arrange the following according to their year of origin :

(i) UNICODE
(ii) XML
(iii) HTML
(iv) SGML
Codes :

A.(iv), (iii), (i), (ii)
B.(iii), (iv), (ii), (i)
C.(ii), (iv), (i), (iii)
D.(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

SGML, the Standard Generalized Markup Language, dates from 1986, HTML from 1991, Unicode from 1991, and XML from 1996-98. So the order of origin is (iv), (iii), (i), (ii): SGML, HTML, Unicode and XML. XML was derived from SGML and could not come before it, which rules out the options that put XML first or HTML before SGML. The answer is the first sequence. Unicode is the character encoding that allows all scripts to be coded, and HTML and XML are markup languages that use it.

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