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Thinking, Intelligence and Creativity Questions and Answers

121.

Match the following lists according to the types and characteristics of thinking :

List - I (Types of Thinking)List - II (Characteristics)
p. Autistic thinking1. Reasoning
q. Realistic thinking2. Drawing facts
r. Convergent thinking3. Unusual uses
s. Creative thinking4. Fantasy

Codes : p q r s

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

Autistic thinking is dominated by fantasy and wishes, so p matches 4. Realistic thinking is aimed at reasoning about reality, so q matches 1. Convergent thinking draws together the facts to reach one correct answer, so r matches 2. Creative or divergent thinking produces many ideas, such as unusual uses of an object, so s matches 3. The code is p-4, q-1, r-2, s-3.

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122.

The main function of autoclitic behaviour is to

1. Qualify responses
2. Express relations
3. Providing a grammatical framework for verbal behaviour
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

In Skinner's analysis of verbal behaviour the autoclitic is a verbal response based on other verbal behaviour of the speaker. It qualifies the response (as in 'I think'), expresses relations between the parts of a statement, and gives a grammatical framework for the speech. All three statements describe its functions. An example of qualifying is the phrase 'I think it will rain', and of relating is the use of 'and' or 'because', and the arrangement of words in order supplies the grammar. The answer is 1, 2 and 3.

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123.

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale has eleven subtests out of which

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, in the form that has eleven subtests, is divided into a verbal scale of six (information, comprehension, arithmetic, similarities, digit span and vocabulary) and a performance scale of five (digit symbol, picture completion, block design, picture arrangement and object assembly). The other options give different splits that do not match the published scale. The answer is six verbal and five performance.

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124.

A person, otherwise limited in mental ability, has amazing specific skills. This is because of

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

A person who is limited in mental ability but has amazing special skills, such as calendar calculation or musical memory, has the savant syndrome, previously called idiot savant. Academic under- or over-achievement concerns performance relative to ability, and practical intelligence is the everyday problem solving ability described by Sternberg, which does not fit a person limited otherwise. Famous examples are persons who can name the day of the week for any date or play a tune after one hearing, while scoring low on general tests of intelligence; Gardner has used such cases to argue for separate intelligences. The answer is savant syndrome.

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125.

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer using the codes given below :

Assertion (A) : According to Flynn, performance on IQ tests has substantially increased around the world at all age levels.
Reason (R) : Performance on IQ tests is because of the interaction between genetics and environment.
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

Assertion (A) is true: Flynn found that IQ scores have increased steadily across the world, about three points a decade. Reason (R) is true as a general statement, as IQ performance depends on both heredity and environment. But the interaction as such does not explain the large rise in a few generations, in which genes could not have changed, so (R) is not the right explanation. The answer is both are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

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126.

Children learn to add new words through a process called

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

Children add new words through fast mapping. After hearing a word only once or twice in a context, a child forms a quick, rough idea of its meaning and links it to the object, and then refines it later. This explains the rapid growth of vocabulary in the preschool years.

'New mapping' is not a standard term. Extension (or overextension) is the use of a word for more objects than it properly covers, and 'inspiration' has no place in vocabulary learning. So fast mapping is the answer.

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127.

Which of the following explains the typical intelligence-creativity relationship ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The key takes 'None of the above' as the answer. The typical relation between intelligence and creativity is described by the threshold hypothesis: below an IQ of about 120 a higher intelligence goes with a higher creativity, and above it the two are not related, so intelligence is necessary but not sufficient for creativity.

That is neither a U-shaped, an inverted U-shaped nor a linear negative relationship. So all three named shapes are wrong, and the last option is the one accepted.

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128.

My friend is doing Masters Course in Management after completing a degree course in engineering. This act refers to the case of

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

Taking a Master's in management after a degree in engineering is an example of divergent thinking: the person moves beyond one fixed track and combines different fields to generate a new path.

Convergent thinking aims at a single correct answer using known rules, evaluative thinking is judging ideas, and autistic thinking is a wish-driven, unrealistic thinking. The key gives divergent thinking, as the choice breaks from the usual single route.

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129.

The abstract, idealized representations that capture an average or typical notion of members of the category is known as

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

An abstract, idealised representation that captures the average or typical member of a category is a prototype. For the category 'bird' it is a robin-like creature with the typical features, and objects are judged by how close they are to it.

An exemplar is a stored memory of a specific member, a network is a set of linked concepts, and 'category presentation' is not a standard term. So only the prototype is the average, abstract representation.

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130.

Because of the lightening speed, computers can retrieve and manipulate stored data faster than people can, but the human brain beats the computer hands down when it comes to

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The human brain beats the computer in using heuristics, the rules of thumb and shortcuts used to solve problems and make judgements quickly without trying every possibility. People use heuristics, insight and experience to find workable solutions, where a program has to be given every step.

Computers excel at following algorithms (step by step procedures) and at serial processing, which are the tasks that depend on speed. The brain also works by simultaneous (parallel) processing, but in this key the contrast is with the computer's strength in algorithms, and heuristics is the answer.

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