Economic and Applied Botany Questions and Answers

Q: The centre of origin of Patato is :

The potato's centre of origin is Peru.The cultivated potato, Solanum tuberosum, was domesticated in the Andes of southern Peru and north-western Bolivia, around Lake Titicaca, some 7,000 to 10,000 years ago. In Vavilov's scheme it belongs to the South American (Peruvian-Ecuadorean-Bolivian) centre, which also gave tomato and lima bean.India received the potato from the Portuguese in the seventeenth century, Brazil is associated with crops such as cassava and groundnut, and Australia is not a centre of origin for any major crop.

Q: Which of the following is a natural dye obtained from plant ?

The natural dye obtained from a plant is haematoxylin.Haematoxylin is extracted from the heartwood of the logwood tree, Haematoxylum campechianum. Oxidised to haematein and used with a metal mordant such as aluminium, it stains nuclei blue-purple and is the 'H' of the routine H&E stain in histology.Carmine is also a natural dye, but it comes from an animal: carminic acid from the cochineal insect, Dactylopius coccus. Acid fuchsin and aniline blue are synthetic dyes made from coal-tar chemicals.

Q: In watermelons, to induce seedlessness in triploid population, which of the following strategies is useful ?

Seedless triploids are produced by crossing tetraploids with diploids.A tetraploid (4n) watermelon, made by colchicine treatment, is used as the female parent and crossed with a diploid (2n). The 2n egg and n pollen give a triploid (3n) seed. Triploid plants are sterile because three sets of chromosomes cannot pair evenly in meiosis, so their fruits develop without mature seeds when pollinated by a diploid pollinator.Triploids are themselves sterile, so self-pollinating them or crossing two triploids does not give a useful population, and selecting for unreduced gametes would raise ploidy, not secure seedlessness.

Q: Near-Isogenic lines in plants can be developed by .......................

Near-isogenic lines are developed by the backcross method.A donor line carrying a gene of interest is crossed to a recurrent parent, and the progeny are backcrossed to that parent for several generations while selecting for the gene. Each backcross restores more of the recurrent parent's genome, so the final lines differ from it essentially only around the selected gene.Mass selection and the bulk method handle segregating populations without repeatedly returning to one parent, so they do not produce lines that differ at a single locus. Mutation breeding creates new variation rather than transferring a gene into an otherwise identical background.

21.

The centre of origin of Patato is :

A.India
B.Brazil
C.Australia
D.Peru

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: D

The potato's centre of origin is Peru.

The cultivated potato, Solanum tuberosum, was domesticated in the Andes of southern Peru and north-western Bolivia, around Lake Titicaca, some 7,000 to 10,000 years ago. In Vavilov's scheme it belongs to the South American (Peruvian-Ecuadorean-Bolivian) centre, which also gave tomato and lima bean.

India received the potato from the Portuguese in the seventeenth century, Brazil is associated with crops such as cassava and groundnut, and Australia is not a centre of origin for any major crop.

Discuss in Forum

22.

Which of the following is a natural dye obtained from plant ?

A.Acid fuchsin
B.Haematoxylin
C.Carmine
D.Aniline blue

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: B

The natural dye obtained from a plant is haematoxylin.

Haematoxylin is extracted from the heartwood of the logwood tree, Haematoxylum campechianum. Oxidised to haematein and used with a metal mordant such as aluminium, it stains nuclei blue-purple and is the 'H' of the routine H&E stain in histology.

Carmine is also a natural dye, but it comes from an animal: carminic acid from the cochineal insect, Dactylopius coccus. Acid fuchsin and aniline blue are synthetic dyes made from coal-tar chemicals.

Discuss in Forum

23.

In watermelons, to induce seedlessness in triploid population, which of the following strategies is useful ?

A.Self-pollinate resistant triploids
B.Cross unrelated triploids
C.Select for unreduced gametes in triploids
D.Cross tetraploids with diploids to produce triploids

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: D

Seedless triploids are produced by crossing tetraploids with diploids.

A tetraploid (4n) watermelon, made by colchicine treatment, is used as the female parent and crossed with a diploid (2n). The 2n egg and n pollen give a triploid (3n) seed. Triploid plants are sterile because three sets of chromosomes cannot pair evenly in meiosis, so their fruits develop without mature seeds when pollinated by a diploid pollinator.

Triploids are themselves sterile, so self-pollinating them or crossing two triploids does not give a useful population, and selecting for unreduced gametes would raise ploidy, not secure seedlessness.

Discuss in Forum

24.

Near-Isogenic lines in plants can be developed by .......................

A.Mass selection
B.Bulk method
C.Backcross method
D.Mutation breeding

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: C

Near-isogenic lines are developed by the backcross method.

A donor line carrying a gene of interest is crossed to a recurrent parent, and the progeny are backcrossed to that parent for several generations while selecting for the gene. Each backcross restores more of the recurrent parent's genome, so the final lines differ from it essentially only around the selected gene.

Mass selection and the bulk method handle segregating populations without repeatedly returning to one parent, so they do not produce lines that differ at a single locus. Mutation breeding creates new variation rather than transferring a gene into an otherwise identical background.

Economic and Applied Botany Questions and Answers

Topics

Other Subjects

Tags: Economic and Applied Botany Questions and Answers

About Us

Economic and Applied Botany Questions and Answers

Topics

Other Subjects

Tags: Economic and Applied Botany Questions and Answers

About Us

Stay informed about all important Dates & Notifications