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Conflict Resolution Questions and Answers

71.

'Camp David' accord was a Peace agreement between

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

The Camp David Accords of 1978 were a peace agreement between Egypt and Israel, signed by President Anwar Sadat and Prime Minister Menachem Begin with US President Jimmy Carter as mediator. They led to the Egypt-Israel peace treaty of 1979.

Jordan, Lebanon and the Palestinians were not parties to the accords. Jordan made its own treaty with Israel in 1994, so options B, C and D are wrong.

Reading the stem again with the keyed option in place confirms that it fits, while each of the other options fails on the point given above.

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Answer: C

The concept of collective security implies the principle of one for all and all for one: an attack on any member is treated as an attack on all, and every member must act against the aggressor.

Machinery for joint action, an arrangement among nation-states, and joint action against an adversary each describe a part or a feature of the system but not its guiding principle. The keyed answer is option C.

Reading the stem again with the keyed option in place confirms that it fits, while each of the other options fails on the point given above.

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73.

Which one of the following is not the means of Pacific Settlement of disputes ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

Economic sanctions are not a means of pacific settlement of disputes. They are coercive measures under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, used to force a state to comply, and fall outside the peaceful means.

Negotiations, mediation and good offices are all peaceful methods listed under Article 33 of the Charter, in which the parties work toward an agreed solution. Options B, C and D are therefore pacific means.

Reading the stem again with the keyed option in place confirms that it fits, while each of the other options fails on the point given above.

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74.

Which one of the following Indian Military Officers commanded the UN Peace Keeping Force ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: C

Lt. General Satish Nambiar commanded the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) in the former Yugoslavia in 1992 and 1993, as its first Force Commander and Head of Mission. He was an Indian Army officer.

General K.V. Krishna Rao and General K. Sundarji served as Indian Army chiefs, and General A.S. Vaidya was also an army chief, but none of them commanded a UN peacekeeping force. So Nambiar is correct.

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75.

"One for all, all for one" is a concept related to

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: C

The motto One for all, all for one relates to collective security, the arrangement under which every member state in a system, such as the League of Nations or the United Nations, undertakes to act together against any member that commits aggression.

Collective defence is a similar idea, but it joins allies against an outside enemy, as in an alliance, and the key treats this motto as describing the wider system. Sustainable development has no connection with the phrase, and a military alliance is a form of collective defence, so the key gives collective security.

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76.

Which of the following is not a means of pacific settlement of disputes ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

Blockade is not a means of pacific settlement of disputes. It is a coercive measure that uses force or the threat of it, to cut off a state's ports or coasts, and so counts as an act of war or forceful reprisal.

Arbitration, negotiation and mediation are the recognised peaceful means listed in the UN Charter's provisions on settling disputes, along with inquiry, conciliation and judicial settlement. So blockade is the exception.

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77.

Peace operations of the UN in conflict resolution consists of three processes. Identity the appropriate sequence with the help of the code given below :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: A

The sequence is peace making, peace keeping and peace building. Peace making brings the parties to agreement by diplomacy, peace keeping then places neutral forces to hold the ceasefire, and peace building works afterwards to repair institutions and prevent the conflict returning.

The other orders put peace building or peace keeping before the agreement has been reached, which cannot happen, since there is nothing to keep or rebuild until the fighting has been settled in some form.

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78.

Choose the appropriate code for the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below :

Assertion (A) : International conflicts can be prevented through bilateral talks and conflict management techniques.
Reason (R) : NGO's may also play an important role in the management of conflicts.
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: A

Both statements are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). Bilateral talks and conflict management techniques can prevent international conflicts from breaking out, so (A) is true, and NGOs do take part in conflict management through relief, mediation and unofficial dialogue, so (R) is true.

The role of NGOs is an additional point and does not explain how bilateral talks and management techniques prevent conflict. The options calling either statement false are incorrect.

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79.

Match the diplomacy in terms of Track (List-I) with their content (List-II) and choose the appropriate code given below :

List - IList - II
a. Track Ii. Peace making through providing resources.
b. Track IIIii. Peace making through personal involvement.
c. Track IViii. Peace making through communications.
d. Track VIIIiv. Peace making through official channels.

Codes : a b c d

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: A

The correct match is Track I with peace making through official channels (iv), Track III with peace making through communications (iii), Track IV with peace making through personal involvement (ii), and Track VIII with peace making through providing resources (i). The code is iv, iii, ii, i.

Track I is government-to-government diplomacy, Track IV is the involvement of private citizens and Track VIII is the funding of peace efforts, which fixes three of the four pairs and leaves iii for Track III. The other codes break at least two of these.

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80.

"Peace-Building" generally refers to

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

Peace-building refers to post-conflict peace efforts.

The term, from Boutros-Ghali's Agenda for Peace, means action after a conflict to rebuild institutions and prevent a relapse.

Prevention of conflicts is preventive diplomacy, and peacekeeping operations are a separate activity of the UN.

Boutros Boutros-Ghali's Agenda for Peace of 1992 distinguished preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peacekeeping and post-conflict peace-building. Peace-building is the last stage and aims at the building of institutions to prevent a return to violence.

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