Global Security Concerns Questions and Answers

Q: Non-alignment lost its relevance after the :

The keyed answer is the end of the Cold War.Non-alignment was a response to the bipolar world of the Cold War: newly independent states such as India, Yugoslavia and Egypt refused to join either the American or the Soviet bloc. When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991 and the bipolar order ended, critics argued that there were no longer two blocs to stay out of, and that the movement had lost its original rationale.The 1962 war, the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan and the 9/11 attacks strained non-aligned positions, but the first two came while the Cold War and its two blocs were still in place, and the 2001 attacks came a decade after the bipolar order had already ended.

Q: Match the following Colonial Powers given in List-I with Colonies in the List-II by using the correct code :List-I(Colonial Powers)List-II(Colonies)(a) France(i) East Timor(b) Netherlands(ii) Indo-China(c) Portugal(iii) Philippines(d) Spain(iv) IndonesiaCodes : (a) (b) (c) (d)

The correct matching is (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii), the code (ii) (iv) (i) (iii).France ruled Indo-China (Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia) until 1954. The Netherlands ruled the Dutch East Indies, which became Indonesia. Portugal held East Timor until 1975, and Spain ruled the Philippines until it lost them to the United States in 1898.Every other code gives at least one power the wrong colony: (iii) (i) (iv) (ii) gives France the Philippines, (iv) (ii) (iii) (i) gives France Indonesia, and (i) (iii) (ii) (iv) gives France East Timor.

Q: When did the UN General Assembly adopted the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) on conventional arms ?

The UN General Assembly adopted the Arms Trade Treaty in 2013.The treaty, which regulates the international trade in conventional arms from tanks and combat aircraft to small arms and light weapons, was adopted by the General Assembly on 2 April 2013 by a recorded vote of 154 in favour, 3 against and 23 abstentions. It entered into force on 24 December 2014.2006 is the year the Assembly first asked for views on such a treaty, and the negotiating conferences followed in 2012 and 2013. 2015 is after it had already come into force.

Q: Gorbachev adopted dual policies in order to make Soviet Union stable through openness and radical restructuring in the context of :

The answer is Both (A) and (B).After coming to power in 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev pursued two linked policies. Glasnost (openness) relaxed censorship and allowed public criticism and debate. Perestroika (restructuring) aimed to reform the stagnant command economy and the political system. The stem names both, openness and radical restructuring, so neither option alone is enough.Shock therapy was the sudden market liberalisation adopted in Russia under Yeltsin after 1991, after the Soviet Union had collapsed.

Q: The following countries were not the original members of the Association of South-East Asian Nations :

The countries that were not original members are Vietnam and Laos.ASEAN was founded by the Bangkok Declaration of 8 August 1967 by five states: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Brunei joined in 1984, Vietnam in 1995, Laos and Myanmar in 1997 and Cambodia in 1999.Every other option pairs two of the five founders, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore, so they all name original members.

Q: Who among the following is the author of the book, "The Clash of Civilization and the re-making of World Order" ?

The author is Samuel P. Huntington.Huntington, a Harvard political scientist, first set out his thesis in a 1993 article in Foreign Affairs and developed it in The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (1996). He argued that after the Cold War the main lines of conflict would run between civilisations defined by culture and religion rather than between ideologies or states.Francis Fukuyama wrote the rival thesis of The End of History, Joseph Frankel wrote on international relations and foreign policy analysis, and Ken Booth on strategy and security studies.

Q: Choose one of the following countries which is not part of G-4 Nations who are contesting for permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council :

The country that is not part of the G-4 is Mexico.The G-4 is the group of Brazil, Germany, India and Japan, formed in 2005, which support one another's bids for permanent seats on an expanded UN Security Council.Mexico takes the opposite position: together with Italy, Pakistan, Argentina and others it belongs to the 'Uniting for Consensus' group, which opposes new permanent seats and favours more non-permanent ones. Germany, Japan and India are all G-4 members.

Q: The role of Britain has declined in South Asia ever since it moved from the east of Suez in :

The keyed year is 1971.In January 1968 the British government, under economic pressure after the devaluation of sterling, announced that it would withdraw its forces from bases east of Suez, in the Persian Gulf, Malaysia and Singapore. The withdrawal was completed by the end of 1971, which is the date usually given for Britain's departure east of Suez and the decline of its military role in the Indian Ocean and South Asia.1970, 1972 and 1973 do not mark the completion of the withdrawal.

Q: The first woman who presided over the UN General Assembly Session was :

The first woman to preside over the General Assembly was Smt. Vijaya Laxmi Pandit.Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, Nehru's sister and head of India's delegation to the UN, was elected President of the eighth session of the General Assembly in 1953.Angie Brooks of Liberia (the paper's 'Angle E. Brooks') was the second woman to hold the office, in 1969. Eleanor Roosevelt chaired the UN Commission on Human Rights but never presided over the Assembly, and Margaret Alva is an Indian politician who held no UN office of this kind.

Q: The origins of detente can be traced to the lessons of :

The origins of détente lie in the lessons of the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962.The October 1962 crisis brought the United States and the Soviet Union close to nuclear war. Both sides drew the lesson that they needed to manage their rivalry: the Moscow-Washington hotline (1963), the Partial Test Ban Treaty (1963) and, later, the arms control talks were the first steps towards the détente of the late 1960s and 1970s.Hiroshima and Nagasaki began the nuclear age but not détente, Nixon's visit to China in 1972 came during détente, and the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan in 1979 ended it.

Non-alignment lost its relevance after the :

A.Sino-Indian Conflict, 1962
B.Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan, 1979
C.End of Cold War
D.Attack on the World Trade Centre, 2001

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: C

The keyed answer is the end of the Cold War.

Non-alignment was a response to the bipolar world of the Cold War: newly independent states such as India, Yugoslavia and Egypt refused to join either the American or the Soviet bloc. When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991 and the bipolar order ended, critics argued that there were no longer two blocs to stay out of, and that the movement had lost its original rationale.

The 1962 war, the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan and the 9/11 attacks strained non-aligned positions, but the first two came while the Cold War and its two blocs were still in place, and the 2001 attacks came a decade after the bipolar order had already ended.

Discuss in Forum

Match the following Colonial Powers given in List-I with Colonies in the List-II by using the correct code :

List-I (Colonial Powers)	List-II (Colonies)
(a) France	(i) East Timor
(b) Netherlands	(ii) Indo-China
(c) Portugal	(iii) Philippines
(d) Spain	(iv) Indonesia

Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d)

A.(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
B.(iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
C.(ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
D.(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: C

The correct matching is (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii), the code (ii) (iv) (i) (iii).

France ruled Indo-China (Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia) until 1954. The Netherlands ruled the Dutch East Indies, which became Indonesia. Portugal held East Timor until 1975, and Spain ruled the Philippines until it lost them to the United States in 1898.

Every other code gives at least one power the wrong colony: (iii) (i) (iv) (ii) gives France the Philippines, (iv) (ii) (iii) (i) gives France Indonesia, and (i) (iii) (ii) (iv) gives France East Timor.

Discuss in Forum

When did the UN General Assembly adopted the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) on conventional arms ?

A.2015
B.2013
C.2011
D.2006

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

The UN General Assembly adopted the Arms Trade Treaty in 2013.

The treaty, which regulates the international trade in conventional arms from tanks and combat aircraft to small arms and light weapons, was adopted by the General Assembly on 2 April 2013 by a recorded vote of 154 in favour, 3 against and 23 abstentions. It entered into force on 24 December 2014.

2006 is the year the Assembly first asked for views on such a treaty, and the negotiating conferences followed in 2012 and 2013. 2015 is after it had already come into force.

Discuss in Forum

Gorbachev adopted dual policies in order to make Soviet Union stable through openness and radical restructuring in the context of :

A.Perestroika
B.Glasnost
C.Shock therapy
D.Both (A) and (B)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: D

The answer is Both (A) and (B).

After coming to power in 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev pursued two linked policies. Glasnost (openness) relaxed censorship and allowed public criticism and debate. Perestroika (restructuring) aimed to reform the stagnant command economy and the political system. The stem names both, openness and radical restructuring, so neither option alone is enough.

Shock therapy was the sudden market liberalisation adopted in Russia under Yeltsin after 1991, after the Soviet Union had collapsed.

Discuss in Forum

The following countries were not the original members of the Association of South-East Asian Nations :

A.Indonesia, Malaysia
B.Philippines, Singapore
C.Vietnam and Laos
D.Singapore, Indonesia

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: C

The countries that were not original members are Vietnam and Laos.

ASEAN was founded by the Bangkok Declaration of 8 August 1967 by five states: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Brunei joined in 1984, Vietnam in 1995, Laos and Myanmar in 1997 and Cambodia in 1999.

Every other option pairs two of the five founders, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore, so they all name original members.

Discuss in Forum

Who among the following is the author of the book, "The Clash of Civilization and the re-making of World Order" ?

A.Francis Fukuyama
B.Joseph Frankel
C.Samuel P. Huntington
D.K. Booth

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: C

The author is Samuel P. Huntington.

Huntington, a Harvard political scientist, first set out his thesis in a 1993 article in Foreign Affairs and developed it in The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (1996). He argued that after the Cold War the main lines of conflict would run between civilisations defined by culture and religion rather than between ideologies or states.

Francis Fukuyama wrote the rival thesis of The End of History, Joseph Frankel wrote on international relations and foreign policy analysis, and Ken Booth on strategy and security studies.

Discuss in Forum

Choose one of the following countries which is not part of G-4 Nations who are contesting for permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council :

A.Germany
B.Japan
C.India
D.Mexico

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: D

The country that is not part of the G-4 is Mexico.

The G-4 is the group of Brazil, Germany, India and Japan, formed in 2005, which support one another's bids for permanent seats on an expanded UN Security Council.

Mexico takes the opposite position: together with Italy, Pakistan, Argentina and others it belongs to the 'Uniting for Consensus' group, which opposes new permanent seats and favours more non-permanent ones. Germany, Japan and India are all G-4 members.

Discuss in Forum

The role of Britain has declined in South Asia ever since it moved from the east of Suez in :

A.1970
B.1971
C.1972
D.1973

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

The keyed year is 1971.

In January 1968 the British government, under economic pressure after the devaluation of sterling, announced that it would withdraw its forces from bases east of Suez, in the Persian Gulf, Malaysia and Singapore. The withdrawal was completed by the end of 1971, which is the date usually given for Britain's departure east of Suez and the decline of its military role in the Indian Ocean and South Asia.

1970, 1972 and 1973 do not mark the completion of the withdrawal.

Discuss in Forum

The first woman who presided over the UN General Assembly Session was :

A.Ellonor Roosevelt
B.Ms. Angle E. Brooks
C.Smt. Vijaya Laxmi Pandit
D.Margaret Alwa

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: C

The first woman to preside over the General Assembly was Smt. Vijaya Laxmi Pandit.

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, Nehru's sister and head of India's delegation to the UN, was elected President of the eighth session of the General Assembly in 1953.

Angie Brooks of Liberia (the paper's 'Angle E. Brooks') was the second woman to hold the office, in 1969. Eleanor Roosevelt chaired the UN Commission on Human Rights but never presided over the Assembly, and Margaret Alva is an Indian politician who held no UN office of this kind.

Discuss in Forum

10.

The origins of detente can be traced to the lessons of :

A.Use of atomic weapons in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
B.The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962
C.Nixon's Visit to China in 1972
D.Soviet Intervention in 1979

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

The origins of détente lie in the lessons of the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962.

The October 1962 crisis brought the United States and the Soviet Union close to nuclear war. Both sides drew the lesson that they needed to manage their rivalry: the Moscow-Washington hotline (1963), the Partial Test Ban Treaty (1963) and, later, the arms control talks were the first steps towards the détente of the late 1960s and 1970s.

Hiroshima and Nagasaki began the nuclear age but not détente, Nixon's visit to China in 1972 came during détente, and the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan in 1979 ended it.

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