Match the following DPSU's with the places they are situated :List IList II(a) Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd(i) Bengaluru(b) Mazagaon Dockyard Ltd(ii) Hyderabad(c) Mishra Dhatu Nigam Ltd(iii) Kolkata(d) Bharat Electronics Ltd(iv) MumbaiCodes : (a) (b) (c) (d)

The correct code is (iii) (iv) (ii) (i).(a) Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers is in Kolkata (iii), building warships for the Navy.(b) Mazagon Dock is in Mumbai (iv), builder of destroyers and submarines.(c) Mishra Dhatu Nigam (MIDHANI), which makes special alloys, is in Hyderabad (ii).(d) Bharat Electronics has its headquarters in Bengaluru (i).Every other code swaps at least one pair, for example putting Garden Reach in Mumbai or MIDHANI in Bengaluru.

Science, Technology and National Security Questions and Answers

Q: The term PGM stands for :

PGM stands for Precision Guided Munition.A precision guided munition is a bomb, missile or shell fitted with a guidance system, such as laser, GPS, infrared or radar, so that it can strike a specific target with high accuracy. PGMs were the stand-out weapons of the 1991 Gulf War and are central to the revolution in military affairs.'Poor Grade Munition' is invented. 'Permanent Guided Missile' and 'Precision Guided Military' look plausible but are not the expansion: the M stands for munition, a word that covers guided bombs and shells as well as missiles.

Q: Who was appointed as the first Scientific Advisor to Defence Minister ?

The first Scientific Adviser to the Defence Minister was Dr. D. S. Kothari.The physicist Daulat Singh Kothari of Delhi University was appointed Scientific Adviser to the Defence Minister in 1948, on the advice of P. M. S. Blackett, and laid the foundations of defence research in India, including the Defence Science Organisation that later became part of DRDO.Raja Ramanna, B. D. Nag Chaudhuri and M. G. K. Menon all held the post later, so they were successors, not the first.

Q: The full form of B.E.M.L. is ......... .

B.E.M.L. stands for Bharat Earth Movers Limited.The company was set up in 1964 in Bangalore as a public sector undertaking under the Ministry of Defence. It makes earth-moving and mining equipment, rail coaches and metro cars, and defence equipment such as high-mobility trucks and tank transporters and recovery vehicles; it is now known as BEML Limited.'Bharat Engineering Machines Limited' and 'Bombay Earth Metals Limited' are not its name, and 'None of the above' fails because option C is correct.

Q: European Space Agency's main space port/(Launching Site) lies in :

The ESA's main spaceport is at Kourou, French Guiana.The Guiana Space Centre at Kourou, on the north-east coast of South America, is Europe's spaceport, used for Ariane and Vega launches. Its position about 5° north of the Equator gives rockets an extra boost from the Earth's rotation, and the open ocean to the east and north makes launches safe.The other places are wrong: Port Moresby is the capital of Papua New Guinea, CERN in Geneva is the particle physics laboratory, and Catania is a city in Sicily, Italy, with no launch site.

Q: What is the purpose of neutron scanning ?

Neutron scanning is used to detect contraband items in containers.Neutrons pass easily through steel, and when they strike materials they produce characteristic gamma rays or are scattered in ways that reveal the light elements present, such as hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Explosives and narcotics have distinctive proportions of these elements, so neutron-based scanners at ports and borders can identify such contraband inside sealed cargo containers without opening them.Cancer cells are detected by imaging such as CT, MRI or PET, submarines by sonar, and documents are scanned with light.

Q: Who coined the term "Cyber Space" ?

The term was coined by William Gibson.The science-fiction writer William Gibson first used 'cyberspace' in his short story Burning Chrome (1982) and made it famous in his novel Neuromancer (1984), describing it as a shared, hallucinated space of data inside a global computer network. The word later passed into everyday and strategic language for the domain of networks and the internet, now treated as a domain of warfare alongside land, sea, air and space.Sam Pitroda is known for India's telecom revolution, and 'Linda Billgates' and 'E. D. Sarinton' are not the originators of the term.

Q: What is PINAKA ?

PINAKA is a Multi Barrel Rocket launcher.Developed by DRDO for the Indian Army, the Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launch system fires a salvo of 12 rockets from a truck-mounted launcher in under a minute. It was first used in combat in the Kargil war of 1999, and longer-range guided versions have followed. It is named after the bow of Shiva.It is not a ballistic missile (those are the Agni and Prithvi families), not an aircraft (the Tejas is India's light combat aircraft), and not a submarine (India's nuclear ballistic missile submarine is the Arihant class).

Q: In which year was the outer space Treaty signed ?

The Outer Space Treaty was signed in 1967.The Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space was opened for signature in London, Moscow and Washington on 27 January 1967 and came into force on 10 October 1967. It bars placing nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass destruction in orbit or on celestial bodies, and forbids any national claim of sovereignty over them.1968 is the year the NPT was signed, 1966 the year the UN General Assembly approved the treaty's text, and 1965 has no link with it.

Q: Brahmos is :

BrahMos is a cruise missile.It is a supersonic cruise missile developed by the Indo-Russian joint venture BrahMos Aerospace, its name joining the Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers. It flies at about Mach 2.8 and has been fielded in land, ship, submarine and air-launched versions.It is not an air-to-air or beyond-visual-range missile (India's Astra fills that role), and it is not an anti-tank missile (Nag is India's anti-tank guided missile).

31.

The term PGM stands for :

A.Precision Guided Munition
B.Poor Grade Munition
C.Permanent Guided Missile
D.Precision Guided Military

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2019, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: A

PGM stands for Precision Guided Munition.

A precision guided munition is a bomb, missile or shell fitted with a guidance system, such as laser, GPS, infrared or radar, so that it can strike a specific target with high accuracy. PGMs were the stand-out weapons of the 1991 Gulf War and are central to the revolution in military affairs.

'Poor Grade Munition' is invented. 'Permanent Guided Missile' and 'Precision Guided Military' look plausible but are not the expansion: the M stands for munition, a word that covers guided bombs and shells as well as missiles.

Discuss in Forum

32.

Who was appointed as the first Scientific Advisor to Defence Minister ?

A.Dr. D. S. Kothari
B.Dr. Raja Ramanna
C.Dr. B. G. Nag Chaudhari
D.M. G. K. Menon

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: A

The first Scientific Adviser to the Defence Minister was Dr. D. S. Kothari.

The physicist Daulat Singh Kothari of Delhi University was appointed Scientific Adviser to the Defence Minister in 1948, on the advice of P. M. S. Blackett, and laid the foundations of defence research in India, including the Defence Science Organisation that later became part of DRDO.

Raja Ramanna, B. D. Nag Chaudhuri and M. G. K. Menon all held the post later, so they were successors, not the first.

Discuss in Forum

33.

The full form of B.E.M.L. is ......... .

A.Bharat Engineering Machines Limited
B.Bombay Earth Metals Limited
C.Bharat Earth Movers Limited
D.None of the above

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: C

B.E.M.L. stands for Bharat Earth Movers Limited.

The company was set up in 1964 in Bangalore as a public sector undertaking under the Ministry of Defence. It makes earth-moving and mining equipment, rail coaches and metro cars, and defence equipment such as high-mobility trucks and tank transporters and recovery vehicles; it is now known as BEML Limited.

'Bharat Engineering Machines Limited' and 'Bombay Earth Metals Limited' are not its name, and 'None of the above' fails because option C is correct.

Discuss in Forum

34.

European Space Agency's main space port/(Launching Site) lies in :

A.Kourou-French Guiana
B.Moresby-Papua, New Guinea
C.CERN, Geneva
D.Catania, Italy

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: A

The ESA's main spaceport is at Kourou, French Guiana.

The Guiana Space Centre at Kourou, on the north-east coast of South America, is Europe's spaceport, used for Ariane and Vega launches. Its position about 5° north of the Equator gives rockets an extra boost from the Earth's rotation, and the open ocean to the east and north makes launches safe.

The other places are wrong: Port Moresby is the capital of Papua New Guinea, CERN in Geneva is the particle physics laboratory, and Catania is a city in Sicily, Italy, with no launch site.

Discuss in Forum

35.

Match the following DPSU's with the places they are situated :

List I	List II
(a) Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd	(i) Bengaluru
(b) Mazagaon Dockyard Ltd	(ii) Hyderabad
(c) Mishra Dhatu Nigam Ltd	(iii) Kolkata
(d) Bharat Electronics Ltd	(iv) Mumbai

Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d)

A.(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
B.(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
C.(iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
D.(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: C

The correct code is (iii) (iv) (ii) (i).

(a) Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers is in Kolkata (iii), building warships for the Navy.
(b) Mazagon Dock is in Mumbai (iv), builder of destroyers and submarines.
(c) Mishra Dhatu Nigam (MIDHANI), which makes special alloys, is in Hyderabad (ii).
(d) Bharat Electronics has its headquarters in Bengaluru (i).

Every other code swaps at least one pair, for example putting Garden Reach in Mumbai or MIDHANI in Bengaluru.

Discuss in Forum

36.

What is the purpose of neutron scanning ?

A.To detect cancer cells in the body
B.To detect contraband items in containers
C.To detect submarines
D.For scanning documents

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: B

Neutron scanning is used to detect contraband items in containers.

Neutrons pass easily through steel, and when they strike materials they produce characteristic gamma rays or are scattered in ways that reveal the light elements present, such as hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Explosives and narcotics have distinctive proportions of these elements, so neutron-based scanners at ports and borders can identify such contraband inside sealed cargo containers without opening them.

Cancer cells are detected by imaging such as CT, MRI or PET, submarines by sonar, and documents are scanned with light.

Discuss in Forum

37.

Who coined the term "Cyber Space" ?

A.Linda Billgates
B.Sam Pitroda
C.William Gibson
D.E. D. Sarinton

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: C

The term was coined by William Gibson.

The science-fiction writer William Gibson first used 'cyberspace' in his short story Burning Chrome (1982) and made it famous in his novel Neuromancer (1984), describing it as a shared, hallucinated space of data inside a global computer network. The word later passed into everyday and strategic language for the domain of networks and the internet, now treated as a domain of warfare alongside land, sea, air and space.

Sam Pitroda is known for India's telecom revolution, and 'Linda Billgates' and 'E. D. Sarinton' are not the originators of the term.

Discuss in Forum

38.

What is PINAKA ?

A.Ballistic Missile
B.Multi Barrel Rocket launcher
C.Aircraft
D.Nuclear Submarine

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: B

PINAKA is a Multi Barrel Rocket launcher.

Developed by DRDO for the Indian Army, the Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launch system fires a salvo of 12 rockets from a truck-mounted launcher in under a minute. It was first used in combat in the Kargil war of 1999, and longer-range guided versions have followed. It is named after the bow of Shiva.

It is not a ballistic missile (those are the Agni and Prithvi families), not an aircraft (the Tejas is India's light combat aircraft), and not a submarine (India's nuclear ballistic missile submarine is the Arihant class).

Discuss in Forum

39.

In which year was the outer space Treaty signed ?

A.1967
B.1968
C.1966
D.1965

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: A

The Outer Space Treaty was signed in 1967.

The Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space was opened for signature in London, Moscow and Washington on 27 January 1967 and came into force on 10 October 1967. It bars placing nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass destruction in orbit or on celestial bodies, and forbids any national claim of sovereignty over them.

1968 is the year the NPT was signed, 1966 the year the UN General Assembly approved the treaty's text, and 1965 has no link with it.

Discuss in Forum

40.

Brahmos is :

A.a cruise missile
B.medium range air-to-air missile
C.antitank missile
D.beyond visual range missile

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: A

BrahMos is a cruise missile.

It is a supersonic cruise missile developed by the Indo-Russian joint venture BrahMos Aerospace, its name joining the Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers. It flies at about Mach 2.8 and has been fielded in land, ship, submarine and air-launched versions.

It is not an air-to-air or beyond-visual-range missile (India's Astra fills that role), and it is not an anti-tank missile (Nag is India's anti-tank guided missile).

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